<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212016000200409</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v27i2.21286</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de la esterilización del suelo con vapor de agua sobre semillas de malezas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of soil steam sterilization on weed seeds]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María del Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Ciencias Agroalimentarias Escuela de Agronomía]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Alajuela]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>409</fpage>
<lpage>413</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212016000200409&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212016000200409&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212016000200409&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ResumenEl objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la esterilización de suelo con vapor de agua sobre la viabilidad de semillas de tres especies de malezas. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el año 2014 en la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM) de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Se evaluaron semillas de las arvenses Poa annua, Polygonum hydropiperoides y Brassica campestris, comunes en suelos utilizados para preparar almácigos de hortalizas en las zonas altas de la provincia de Cartago. Las semillas se ubicaron a dos profundidades (20 y 40 cm) dentro de un barril con suelo y se determinó la temperatura en ambas profundidades y en diferentes intervalos. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones por especie en cada profundidad. La temperatura se midió una vez que el vapor de agua atravesó la columna de suelo. La esterilización continuó por treinta minutos y a partir de ese momento se tomó nuevamente la temperatura, la cual fue de 99,3 °C en ambas profundidades y en los dos tiempos evaluados. Se determinó la viabilidad de las semillas utilizando cloruro de tetrazolio al 1%. El 100% de las semillas no presentó viabilidad después de finalizada la esterilización del suelo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil steam sterilization on the viability of seeds of three weed species. The experiment was carried out in 2014 at the Fabio Baudrit Moreno Experiment Station (EEAFBM) of the University of Costa Rica. Weed seeds of Poa annua, Polygonum hydropiperoides, and Brassica campestris, common in soils used to prepare vegetable nurseries in the high lands of Cartago, were evaluated. Weed seeds were placed at two depths (20 and 40 cm) inside a barrel with soil; temperature at both depths and in different intervals was determined. The experimental design was random blocks with three replicates per species per depth. Temperature was measured when steam emerged on top of the soil column. Soil sterilization continued for thirty minutes and then soil temperature was measured again at both depths and intervals, indicating 99.3°C. Seeds viability was determined using tetrazolium chloride (1% v/v). All recovered seeds were non-viable after soil sterilization.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[control de malezas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Poa annua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[malezas en hortalizas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brassica campestris]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Polygonum spp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[weed control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Poa annua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[weeds in vegetable production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brassica campestris]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Polygonum spp]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Variación de la densidad aparente de órdenes de suelos de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forsythe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Agron. Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>85-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Control químico de Polygonum aviculare y otras malezas en el cultivo de la cebolla (Allium cepa L.)]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, CRC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela de Agronomía, Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berstch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La fertilidad de los suelos y su fertilidad]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, CRC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de la Ciencia del Suelo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El nematodo blanco de la papa (Globodera pallida Stone)]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cartago, CRC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería y Servicio Fitosanitario del Estado]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resistencia de Rottboelllia cochinchinensis (Lour). WD Clayton al herbicida nicosulfuron en cultivos de maíz]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Agron. Trop.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>171-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pudrición blanca de la cebolla: una enfermedad difícil de combatir]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Agron. Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>143-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aislamiento e identificación de hongos asociados a esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum, causante de la pudrición basal de la cebolla, en la zona alta de Cartago]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Agron. Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>57-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diseño y evaluación de un generador de vapor de baja potencia]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[MEX ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ISTA (International Seed Testing Association)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook on tetrazolium testing]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Zurich, GBR ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Seed Testing Association]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Especies de malezas más importantes en siembras hortícolas del Valle de Quíbor, Estado de Lara, Venezuela]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioagro]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>91-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Powles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holtum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Herbicide resistance in plant: biology and biochesmistry]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[NY, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lewis Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín técnico quincenal de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno. Presencia de resistencia en Poa annua, una maleza problemática en el cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.)]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, CRC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Properties and metabolic diversity of microbiological communities in soils treated with steam sterilization compared with methylbromide and chloropicrin fumigations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kobayashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iwasaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>603-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resistance of Amaranthus quitensis toimazethapyr and clhorimuron-ethyl]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuesca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nisensoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pesq. Agropec. Bras.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>601-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low temperature-short duration steaming of soil kills soil borne, pathogens, nematode pest and weeds]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Loenen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turbett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mullins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feilden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leifert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur. J. Plant. Pathol.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>993-1002</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resistencia a herbicidas. Glifosato]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cienc. Docencia Tecnol.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>159-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trichoderma - plant - pathogen interaction]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivasithamparam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghisalberti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Soil Biol. Biochem.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
