<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-0775</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Odontología Vital]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Odontología Vital]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-0775</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, Facultad de Odontología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-07752025000200068</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59334/rov.v2i43.640</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Closed reduction in nasal fractures: a step-by-step description and brief literature review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reducción cerrada en fracturas nasales: descripción paso a paso y breve revisión de la literatura]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar Riquelme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballesteros Ibañez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macchiavello Macho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gazitua Larraín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Los Andes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santiago]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Diego Portales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santiago]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Finis Terrae  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santiago]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Traumatológico Dr. Teodoro Gebauer Weisser  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santiago]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>43</numero>
<fpage>68</fpage>
<lpage>78</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-07752025000200068&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-07752025000200068&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-07752025000200068&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Nasal bone fractures represent one of the most prevalent facial injuries in adults, mainly attributable to the nose&#8217;s prominent and exposed anatomical position. These fractures constitute approximately 40% of all facial fractures and are frequently the result of high-impact events, such as motor vehicle collisions, sports-related trauma, and interpersonal violence. Given the nose&#8217;s integral role in facial aesthetics and respiratory function, managing nasal fractures is fundamental to ensure optimal outcomes in cosmetic appearance and functional restoration.  Objective:  This paper aims to present a step-by-step guide for performing a closed nasal reduction, using the clinical case of a patient with a nasal fracture as an example, along with a brief literature review on efficacy, aesthetic and functional considerations, and appropriate timing for intervention. Case presentation:A 47-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with a nasal bone fracture sustained during an assault. Upon evaluation, the fracture was deemed suitable for management through closed reduction. A detailed step-by-step description of the closed reduction technique for nasal fractures, performed on the patient as an example, is provided. Post-procedure care included the use of internal and external splints, as well as a regimen of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications.  Conclusion:  Closed nasal reduction remains a widely used and effective procedure in the treatment of nasal bone fractures, particularly when performed early after injury. The procedure is minimally invasive and can yield satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes. However, its success depends on factors such as the timing of the intervention and the surgeon&#8217;s experience. While closed reduction is effective for most simple fractures, more complex cases may require additional surgical interventions, such as nasal osteotomy, particularly if bone fusion has already occurred. The management of nasal fractures is an elementary skill that maxillofacial surgeons must have, given the prevalence of these injuries in emergency settings.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  las fracturas de los huesos nasales representan una de las lesiones faciales más prevalentes en adultos, atribuibles en gran medida a la posición anatómica prominente y expuesta de la nariz. Estas fracturas constituyen aproximadamente el 40 % de todas las fracturas faciales y son con frecuencia el resultado de eventos de alto impacto, como accidentes automovilísticos, traumas que se relacionan con el deporte y violencia interpersonal. Debido al papel integral de la nariz, tanto en la estética facial como en la función respiratoria, el manejo de las fracturas nasales es fundamental para garantizar resultados óptimos en la apariencia cosmética y en la restauración funcional.  Objetivo:  El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una guía paso a paso para la realización de una reducción nasal cerrada, utilizando el caso clínico de un paciente con fractura nasal como ejemplo, junto con una breve revisión de la literatura sobre la eficacia, las consideraciones estéticas y funcionales y el momento adecuado para la intervención. Presentación del caso: un paciente masculino de 47 años se presentó al servicio de urgencias con una fractura del hueso nasal sufrida durante una agresión. Tras evaluarlo, se consideró que la fractura era adecuada para manejarla mediante reducción cerrada. Se proporciona una descripción detallada, paso a paso, de la técnica de reducción cerrada para fracturas nasales, que se realizó en el paciente como ejemplo. Los cuidados posoperatorios incluyeron el uso de férulas internas y externas, así como un régimen de antibióticos y medicamentos antiinflamatorios.  Conclusión:  La reducción nasal cerrada es un procedimiento ampliamente utilizado y efectivo en el tratamiento de fracturas de huesos nasales, en especial cuando se realiza poco después de la lesión. El procedimiento es mínimamente invasivo y puede ofrecer resultados satisfactorios, tanto estéticos como funcionales. Sin embargo, su éxito depende de factores como el momento de la intervención y la experiencia del cirujano. Aunque la reducción cerrada es efectiva para la mayoría de las fracturas simples, los casos más complejos pueden requerir intervenciones quirúrgicas adicionales, como la osteotomía nasal, en particular si ya ha ocurrido la fusión ósea. El manejo de las fracturas nasales es una habilidad fundamental que deben poseer los cirujanos maxilofaciales, debido a la prevalencia de estas lesiones en contextos de emergencia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Closed fracture reduction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nasal bone]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nasal trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bone fractures.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reducción cerrada de fractura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hueso nasal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trauma nasal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fracturas óseas.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Besmens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahrdar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. B. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knipper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giovanoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindenblatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of closed reduction of nasal fractures-a retrospective analysis with focus on factors affecting functional and aesthetic outcomes.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery: JPRAS]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>371-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do closed reduction and fracture patterns of the nasal bone affect nasal septum deviation?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>119-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenlund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dresner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nasal sesamoid cartilages: Fact or fiction? An anatomical study of the lateral nasal ala.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1438-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[You]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of nasal bone fractures: a six-year study of 503 patients.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>261-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Closed and Open Reduction of Nasal Fractures.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>e22-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology and patterns of nasal bone fracture in elderly patients in comparison to other age groups: An 8-year single-center retrospective analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>205-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kademani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiwana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atlas de cirugía oral &amp; maxilofacial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Vol. I]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Amolca]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.-E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of post-operative outcomes between early and delayed surgery for pediatric nasal fractures.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>93-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aydin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yasar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Nasal Fractures.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ear, Nose, &amp; Throat Journal]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>239-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Cedrún]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cirugía oral y maxilofacial: Atlas de procedimientos y técnicas quirúrgicas.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Editorial Médica Panamericana]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagaratna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramashesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Etiology and patterns of fracture in maxillofacial trauma- a prospective study.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal Of Scientific Research]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>36-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A case of nasal bone fracture with septal fracture reduction via closed reduction of nasal bone fracture and endoscopic septoplasty.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Cosmetic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>84-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavaliere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hohenberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plinkert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaoui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does a closed reduction improve aesthetical and functional outcome after nasal fracture? European Archives of Oto- Rhino-Laryngology: Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>280</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2299-308</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rafiq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rafiq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rehman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saleem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of post-operative aesthetic outcome between local and general anesthesia after close reduction for nasal bone fracture.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Punjab Medical College]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>344-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Rivero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarreal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez- Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Rivero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarreal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Satisfacción estética y funcional tras reducción cerrada de fracturas nasales: Implementación de la escala NOSE.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>217-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nasal Fractures: Acute, Subacute, and Delayed Management.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1089-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kohlert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kadakia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ducic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nasal Fractures: The Role of Primary Reduction and Secondary Revision.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Facial Plastic Surgery: FPS]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>590-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Delayed reduction of nasal bone fractures.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Craniofacial Surgery]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>51-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
