<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-469X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Diálogos Revista Electrónica de Historia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Diálogos rev. electr. hist]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-469X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela de Historia. Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-469X2023000100121</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/dre.v24i1.52849</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Conservación comunitaria en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Gandoca-Manzanillo entre 1984-2007]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comunity conservation the GandocaManzanillo wildlife shelter between 1984-2007]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[German Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Educación Pública  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-469X2023000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-469X2023000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-469X2023000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la implementación del paradigma de conservación comunitaria en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Gandoca-Manzanillo (RVS-GM ) entre 1984-2007 desde un enfoque de la Ecología Política, para establecer los vínculos entre ese proceso con sus contextos sociopolíticos más amplios. Para cumplir este objetivo se hicieron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a actores locales e institucionales, y un análisis de la documentación producida por las instituciones, los medios de comunicación y organizaciones involucradas. Se concluye que las políticas de conservación comunitaria en el RVS-GM más que mermar el conflicto entre conservación y sociedad, son parte de los esfuerzos históricos del Estado para reafirmar su soberanía e insertar los modos de producción capitalista en un espacio históricamente aislado con poblaciones con modos de vida relativamente autónomos. Dichas políticas son una expresión temporal específica de dichos esfuerzos, particularmente de la fase neoliberal, en tanto buscaron reducir los costos políticos y económicos del control y transformación de ese espacio mediante la cooptación del conflicto con promesas de conservación y desarrollo, la descentralización de la toma de decisiones y la presentación anti-política de la intervención estatal, pero sin atender verdaderamente las desigualdades sociales e inequidades de poder, por lo que terminaron reproduciendo la trayectoria histórica de exclusión y marginación.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article analyzes the implementation of the community conservation paradigm in the Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Shelter (RVS-GM ) between 1984-2007 from a political ecology framework, in order to establish the ties between this process and wider socio-political contexts. Along with semi-structured interviews to local and institutional actors, an analysis of institutional and organizations&#8217; documents and newspapers was carried out. It is argued that more than reducing conflict between conservation and society, the community conservation policies in the RVS-GM represent State historical efforts to reaffirm sovereignty and insert the capitalist production mode in a historically isolated territory, in which dwellers are characterized for relatively autonomous lifestyles. Community conservation policies represent a specific temporal expression of those efforts within a neoliberal phase, which tried to reduce political and economic costs derived from controlling and transforming the shelter through co-opting conflict with promises of conservation and development, decision-making decentralization and the disguised anti-political State intervention without facing social and power inequality ended up reproducing the historical trajectory of exclusion and marginalization]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conservación comunitaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ecología política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gandoca-Manzanillo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[territorialización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neoliberalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[community conservation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political ecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gandoca-Manzanillo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[territorialization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neoliberalism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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