<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-4142</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Costarricense de Cardiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. costarric. cardiol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422024000200033</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca en Costa Rica: Un estudio retrospectivo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quesada Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Speranza Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lainez Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora Tumminelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Limber]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brenes Umaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís Barquero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Moisés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abed Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lo Chi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francis Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melissa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital San Vicente de Paul Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínica Bíblica. Programa de Insuficiencia Cardíaca ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital Max Peralta Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Cartago]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Metropolitano Servicio de Cardiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital San Rafael Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Alajuela]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Vivit  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Servicio de Cardiología  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital Calderón Guardia Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital México Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital Monseñor Sanabria Servicio de Cardiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puntarenas]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff11  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>41</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422024000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422024000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422024000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC), al igual que la diabetes mellitus, constituye una entidad de considerable impacto en la calidad de vida y mortalidad de los pacientes. Ambas condiciones han demostrado tener una vinculación fisiopatológica, lo que hace relevante comparar las características de los pacientes que presentan ambas afecciones con aquellas de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca sin diabetes mellitus, especialmente, en el contexto del sistema de salud costarricense.  Objetivo:  Describir y comparar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas del grupo de pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca en Costa Rica entre los años 2016 y 2019 según la presencia o ausencia de diabetes mellitus diagnosticada.  Métodos:  Un estudio descriptivo basado en el Registro Nacional de Insuficiencia Cardíaca en Costa Rica fue realizado con la comparación de las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas según la presencia o ausencia de diabetes mellitus diagnosticada.  Resultados:  La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus en pacientes con IC fue superior en el grupo de pacientes con DM en comparación a los pacientes sin DM, e inclusive mayor a la documentada en la población general en Costa Rica. Se documentó una mayor presencia de insuficiencia renal crónica y anemia en el grupo de pacientes con IC y diabetes. Adicionalmente, la combinación de IC con DM se asoció a una mayor presencia de cardiopatía isquémica e hipertensiva en relación con el grupo comparador. Las terapias indicadas con mayor frecuencia para el tratamiento de la IC se encontraron acordes con las actuales guías de manejo de la IC.  Conclusiones:  La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus en pacientes con IC mostró ser superior en comparación con los pacientes sin IC. La comparación de las características evaluadas se encuentra acorde con el perfil descrito en otras latitudes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Heart failure (HF), like diabetes mellitus, significantly impacts patients&#8217; quality of life and mortality. Both conditions are physio-pathologically linked, making it relevant to compare the characteristics of patients with both conditions to those with HF without diabetes within the healthcare context of Costa Rica.  Objective:  The study aimed to describe and compare the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of heart failure patients in Costa Rica from 2016 to 2019 according with the presence or absence of diagnosed diabetes mellitus.  Methods:  A descriptive study was performed based on the National Heart Failure Registry in Costa Rica was conducted. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics were compared based on diagnosed diabetes mellitus.  Results:  The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in heart failure (HF) patients was higher in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to patients without DM, and even higher than that documented in the general population of Costa Rica. There was a higher incidence of chronic renal failure and anemia in the group of patients with HF and diabetes. Additionally, the combination of HF with DM was associated with higher presence of ischemic and hypertensive heart disease compared to the comparator group. The most frequently indicated therapies for the treatment of HF were consistent with current HF management guidelines.  Conclusions:  Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure was shown to be higher compared to patients without heart failure. The comparison of the evaluated characteristics is consistent with the profile described in other latitudes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[insuficiencia cardíaca]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[registro nacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comorbilidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipoglicemiantes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terapia médica óptima.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heart failure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[national registry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[comorbidities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypoglycemic agents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimal medical therapy.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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