<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-2433</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Matemática Teoría y Aplicaciones]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mat]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-2433</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones en Matemática Pura y Aplicada (CIMPA) y Escuela de Matemática, San José, Costa Rica.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-24332012000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relajación lagrangeana para el problema de particionamiento de áreas geográficas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Lagrangean relaxation for the geographical partitioning problema]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernábe Loranca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dolores Edwiges]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivares Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elías]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A05"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de las Américas Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y Mecánica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de ciencias de la Computación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,J.A. Díaz  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla Centro Interdisciplinario de Posgrados e Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A05">
<institution><![CDATA[,E. Olivares  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>169</fpage>
<lpage>181</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-24332012000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-24332012000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-24332012000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Entre las metodologías utilizadas en el particionamiento territorial, destacan los modelos de localización-asignación (&#8220;locationallocation&#8221;) y los de particionamiento de conjuntos (&#8220;set partitioning&#8221;), que agrupan pequeñas áreas geográficas llamadas unidades básicas en un número dado de grupos geográficos más grandes, denominados territorios. El problema de particionamiento territorial se modela como un problema de la p-mediana. Se utiliza un enfoque de relajación Lagrangeana para obtener cotas inferiores de la solución óptima y un procedimiento para la obtención de cotas superiores. Para evaluar el desempeño de la metología propuesta, se utilizan instancias de dos ciudades de México. Los resultados obtenidos se comparan con otros métodos de particionamiento de la literatura. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos para estas instancias, utilizando distintos números de grupos, se observa que se pueden obtener soluciones factibles de muy buena calidad con un esfuerzo computacional razonable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Among methodologies used in territory clustering, stand locationallocation and set partitioning models, to group small geographic areas, usually called &#8220;basic units&#8221; into a given number of larger groups called &#8220;territories&#8221;. The territory clustering problem is modeled as a p-median problem. A Lagrangean relaxation is used to obtain lower bounds to the optimal solution of the problem and a procedure is used to obtain upper bounds. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed procedure, instances of two Mexico cities are used. The results obtained with the proposed method are compared to partitioning methods from the literature. According to the obtained results for the considered instances using different number of groups, optimal or near optimal solution are obtained with a reasonable amount of computer effort.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[particionamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relajación Lagrangena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[heurísticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[partitioning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lagrangean relaxation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heuristics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <font 2="" size=""></font>     <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: verdana;">     <div style="text-align: center;"><font 2="" size=""><font size="-1"><font  size="+1"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Relajaci&oacute;n lagrangeana para el problema de particionamiento de &aacute;reas geogr&aacute;ficas</span></font></font></font><br  style="font-weight: bold;"> <font style="font-weight: bold;" 2="" size=""></font><br  style="font-weight: bold;"> <font 2="" size=""><font size="-1"><font size="+1"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Lagrangean relaxation for the geographical partitioning problema</span></font></font></font>    <br> </div> <font 2="2" size="">    <br> </font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Juan Antonio D&iacute;az Garc&iacute;a<a href="#Afiliacion1">*</a><a name="Afiliacion6"></a>+</font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Mar&iacute;a Beatriz Bern&aacute;be Loranca<a href="#Afiliacion2">&#8224;</a><a name="Afiliacion7"></a>*</font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Dolores Edwiges Luna Reyes<a  href="#Afiliacion3">&#8225;</a><a name="Afiliacion8"></a>*</font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">El&iacute;as Olivares Ben&iacute;tez<a  href="#Afiliacion4">&sect;</a><a name="Afiliacion9"></a>*</font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Jos&eacute; Luis Mart&iacute;nez Flores<a href="#Afiliacion5">&para;</a><a name="Afiliacion10"></a>*</font></font>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <font 2="2" size=""><a href="#correspondencia">    <br> </a><font size="-1"><a name="Correspondencia2"></a>*<a  href="#Correspondencia1">Direcci&oacute;n para correspondencia</a></font>    <br> </font><font 2="2" size=""><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></font> <hr  style="width: 100%; height: 2px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font  2="2" size=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Resumen</span></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Entre las metodolog&iacute;as utilizadas en el particionamiento territorial, destacan los modelos de localizaci&oacute;n-asignaci&oacute;n (&#8220;locationallocation&#8221;) y los de particionamiento de conjuntos (&#8220;set partitioning&#8221;), que agrupan peque&ntilde;as &aacute;reas geogr&aacute;ficas llamadas <span  style="font-style: italic;">unidades b&aacute;sicas</span> en un n&uacute;mero dado de grupos geogr&aacute;ficos m&aacute;s grandes, denominados <span style="font-style: italic;">territorios</span>. El problema de particionamiento territorial se modela como un problema de la <span style="font-style: italic;">p</span>-mediana. Se utiliza un enfoque de relajaci&oacute;n Lagrangeana para obtener cotas inferiores de la soluci&oacute;n &oacute;ptima y un procedimiento para la obtenci&oacute;n de cotas superiores. Para evaluar el desempe&ntilde;o de la metolog&iacute;a propuesta, se utilizan instancias de dos ciudades de M&eacute;xico. Los resultados obtenidos se comparan con otros m&eacute;todos de particionamiento de la literatura. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos para estas instancias, utilizando distintos n&uacute;meros de grupos, se observa que se pueden obtener soluciones factibles de muy buena calidad con un esfuerzo computacional razonable.</font></font>    <br>     <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Palabras clave: </span>particionamiento, relajaci&oacute;n Lagrangena, heur&iacute;sticas.</font> </font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Abstract</span></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""></font>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Among methodologies used in territory clustering, stand locationallocation and set partitioning models, to group small geographic areas, usually called &#8220;basic units&#8221; into a given number of larger groups called &#8220;territories&#8221;. The territory clustering problem is modeled as a p-median problem. A Lagrangean relaxation is used to obtain lower bounds to the optimal solution of the problem and a procedure is used to obtain upper bounds. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed procedure, instances of two Mexico cities are used. The results obtained with the proposed method are compared to partitioning methods from the literature. According to the obtained results </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">for the considered instances using different number of groups, optimal or near optimal solution are obtained with a reasonable amount of computer effort.</font></font>    <br>     <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Keywords: </span>partitioning, Lagrangean relaxation, heuristics.</font></font>    <br>     <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Mathematics Subject Classification:</span> 90C59, 62H30, 91C20.</font></font>    <br> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font 2="2" size=""><font  size="-1">    <br> </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Ver contenido disponible en pdf</font></font>    <br>     <br> <font 2="2"><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></font> <hr  style="width: 100%; height: 2px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font  2="2"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Referencias</span></font>    <br>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">1 Avella, P.; Sassanol, A.; Vasil&#8217;ev, I. (2007) "Computational study of large-scale <span style="font-style: italic;">p</span>-Median problems", <span style="font-style: italic;">Mathematical Programming</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">109</span>: 89&#8211; 114.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940686&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[2] Bern&aacute;be, M.B.; Espinosa, J.E.; Ram&iacute;rez, J.; Osorio, M.A. (2011) &#8220;A statistical comparative analysis of simulated annealing and variable neighborhood search for the geographic clustering problem&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">Computaci&oacute;n y Sistemas</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">14</span>(3): 295&#8211;308.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940689&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[3] Christofides, N.; Beasley, J.E. (1982) &#8220;A tree search algorithm for the p-median problem&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">European Journal of Operational Research</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">10</span>: 196&#8211;204.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940692&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[4] Floyd, R.W. (1962) &#8220;Algorithm, 97 - shortest path&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">Communications of the ACM</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">5</span>: 345.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940695&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[5] Guignard, M. (2003) &#8220;Lagrangean Relaxation&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">TOP </span><span  style="font-weight: bold;">11</span>(2): 151&#8211;228.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940698&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[6] Hess, S.W.; Samuels, S.A. (1971) &#8220;Experiences with a sales districting model: criteria and implementation&#8221;, <span  style="font-style: italic;">Management Science</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">18</span>(4): 41&#8211; 54.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940701&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">7 Kalcsics, J.; Nikel, S.; Schr&uml;oder, M. (2005) &#8220;Toward a unified territory design approach - applications, algorithms, and GIS integration&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">TOP </span><span  style="font-weight: bold;">13</span>(1): 1&#8211;74.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940704&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[8] Kariv O.; Hakimi, S.L. (1979) &#8220;An algorithmic approach to network location problems. II: the <span style="font-style: italic;">p-medians</span>&#8221;. <span style="font-style: italic;">SIAM Journal of Applied Mathematics</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">37</span>(3): 539&#8211;560.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940707&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[9] Kaufman, L.; Rousseeuw, P.J. (2008) Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, John Wiley Online.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940710&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[10] Reese, J. (2006) &#8220;Solution methods for the p-median problem: An annotated bibliography&#8221;, <span style="font-style: italic;">Nerworks</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">48</span>(3): 125&#8211;142.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940713&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[11] Zamora, E. (2006) I<span  style="font-style: italic;">mplementaci&oacute;n de un Algoritmo Compacto y Homog&eacute;neo para la Clasificaci&oacute;n de AGEBs bajo una Intefaz Gr&aacute;fica</span>. Tesis de Ingenier&iacute;a en Ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940716&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">[12] Zoltners, A.; Sinha, P. (2005) Sales territory design: thirty years of modeling and implementation. <span style="font-style: italic;">Marketing Science</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">24</span>(3): 313&#8211;331.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1940719&pid=S1409-2433201200020000400012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><br>     <br> <a name="Correspondencia1"></a><a href="#Correspondencia2">*</a>Correspondencia a: </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"> Juan Antonio D&iacute;az Garc&iacute;a. </font></font><font 2="2"  size=""><font size="-1">Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a Industrial y Mec&aacute;nica, Universidad de las Am&eacute;ricas, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:juana.diaz@udlap.mx">juana.diaz@udlap.mx</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">    <br> </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"> Mar&iacute;a Beatriz Bern&aacute;be Loranca. </font></font><font 2="2"  size=""><font size="-1">Facultad de ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com">beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">    <br> </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"> Dolores Edwiges Luna Reyes. </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font  size="-1">Misma direcci&oacute;n que/<span style="font-style: italic;">Same address</span> as: J.A. D&iacute;az. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:dolorese.luna@udlap.mx">dolorese.luna@udlap.mx</a></font></font>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">    <br> </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"> El&iacute;as Olivares Ben&iacute;tez. </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font  size="-1">Centro Interdisciplinario de Posgrados e Investigaci&oacute;n, Universidad Popular Aut&oacute;noma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:elias.olivares@upaep.mx">elias.olivares@upaep.mx</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">    <br> </font></font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"> Jos&eacute; Luis Mart&iacute;nez Flores. </font></font><font 2="2"  size=""><font size="-1">Misma direcci&oacute;n que/<span  style="font-style: italic;">Same address</span> as: E. Olivares. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:joseluis.martinez01@upaep.mx">joseluis.martinez01@upaep.mx</a></font><a  href="mailto:joseluis.martinez01@upaep.mx"> </a>    <br> </font><font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1">    <br> <a name="Afiliacion1"></a><a href="#Afiliacion6">*</a>Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a Industrial y Mec&aacute;nica, Universidad de las Am&eacute;ricas, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:juana.diaz@udlap.mx">juana.diaz@udlap.mx</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><a name="Afiliacion2"></a><a  href="#Afiliacion7">&#8224;</a>Facultad de ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com">beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><a name="Afiliacion3"></a><a  href="#Afiliacion8">&#8225;</a>Misma direcci&oacute;n que/<span style="font-style: italic;">Same address</span> as: J.A. D&iacute;az. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:dolorese.luna@udlap.mx">dolorese.luna@udlap.mx</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><a name="Afiliacion4"></a><a  href="#Afiliacion9">&sect;</a>Centro Interdisciplinario de Posgrados e Investigaci&oacute;n, Universidad Popular Aut&oacute;noma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:elias.olivares@upaep.mx">elias.olivares@upaep.mx</a></font></font>    <br> <font 2="2" size=""><font size="-1"><a name="Afiliacion5"></a><a  href="#Afiliacion10">&para;</a>Misma direcci&oacute;n que/<span style="font-style: italic;">Same address</span> as: E. Olivares. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:joseluis.martinez01@upaep.mx">joseluis.martinez01@upaep.mx</a></font> <a href="a04v19n2.html#correspondencia">    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> </a></font>     <div style="text-align: center;"> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font style="font-weight: bold;"  2="2" size=""><font size="-1">Received: 23 Feb 2012; Revised: 15 May 2012; Accepted: 16 May 2012</font></font><font 2="" size="-1"></font></div> <font 2="2" size=""> </font></div>      ]]></body><back>
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