<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-2433</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Matemática Teoría y Aplicaciones]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mat]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-2433</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones en Matemática Pura y Aplicada (CIMPA) y Escuela de Matemática, San José, Costa Rica.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-24332011000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Heurística para solucionar el problema de alineamiento múltiple de secuencias]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Heuristic for solving the multiple alignment sequence problem]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roman Anselmo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elizondo-Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Ingeniería Posgrado en Ingeniería de Sistemas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coyoacán México D. F]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco Departamento de Sistemas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tamaulipas México D. F]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Ingeniería Posgrado en Ingeniería de Sistemas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>136</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En el presente trabajo se desarrolló un nuevo algoritmo para resolver el problema de alineamiento múltiple de secuencias (AMS) que es un híbrido basado en las metaheurísticas de búsqueda de armonía (HS) y recocido simulado (RS). Éste fue validado con la metodología de Julie Thompson. Es un algoritmo básico y los resultados obtenidos durante esta etapa son alentadores.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this paper we developed a new algorithm for solving the problem of multiple sequence alignment (AMS), which is a hybrid metaheuristic based on harmony search and simulated annealing. The hybrid was validated with the methodology of Julie Thompson. This is a basic algorithm and and results obtained during this stage are encouraging.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alineamiento múltiple de secuencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[búsqueda de la armonía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metaheurística híbrida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recocido simulado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multiple sequence alignment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[harmony search]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybrid metaheuristic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[simulated annealing]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-weight: bold;"  size="4"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Heur&iacute;stica para solucionar el problema de alineamiento m&uacute;ltiple de secuencias    <br>     <br> </span></font><font style="font-weight: bold;" size="4"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Heuristic for solving the multiple alignment sequence problem</span></font>    <br> </div> <font size="2"><br style="font-family: verdana;"> </font>     <div style="text-align: justify;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Roman Anselmo Mora&#8211;Guti&eacute;rrez<sup><a  href="#autor1">*</a></sup></span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Javier Ram&iacute;rez&#8211;Rodr&iacute;guez<sup><a href="#autor2">&#8224;</a></sup> </span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Mayra Elizondo&#8211;Cort&eacute;s<sup><a href="#autor3">&#8225;</a></sup></span></font><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> </div> <font size="2">    <br> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor1"></a>*Posgrado en Ingenier&iacute;a de Sistemas, Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Avenida Insurgentes Sur sin n&uacute;mero, Col. Copilco Universidad, </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Del. Coyoac&aacute;n, 04360, M&eacute;xico D. F. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:ing.romanmora@gmail.com">ing.romanmora@gmail.com</a></span><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor2"></a>&#8224;Departamento de Sistemas, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco. </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">Avenida San Pablo 180, Colonia Reynosa Tamaulipas, 02200 M&eacute;xico D. F. E-Mail: </span><a href="mailto:jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx</span></a>    <br> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor3"></a>&#8225;Posgrado en Ingenier&iacute;a de Sistemas, Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Misma direcci&oacute;n que/same address as Mora-Guti&eacute;rrez, E-Mail: </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;"><a  href="mailto:mayra.elizondo@hotmail.com">mayra.elizondo@hotmail.com</a>    <br>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <a href="#correspondencia">Direcci&oacute;n para correspondencia</a>    <br> </span>    <br> <font style="font-weight: bold;" size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;">     <div style="text-align: justify;"><font size="2"><font  style="font-weight: bold;" size="3"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Resumen</span></font></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">En el presente trabajo se desarroll&oacute; un nuevo algoritmo para resolver el problema de alineamiento m&uacute;ltiple de secuencias (AMS) que es un h&iacute;brido basado en las&nbsp; metaheur&iacute;sticas de b&uacute;squeda de armon&iacute;a (HS) y recocido simulado (RS). &Eacute;ste fue validado con la metodolog&iacute;a de Julie Thompson. Es un algoritmo b&aacute;sico y los resultados&nbsp; obtenidos durante esta etapa son alentadores.</span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><!-- big --><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Palabras clave:</span><!-- /big --> alineamiento m&uacute;ltiple de secuencias, b&uacute;squeda de la armon&iacute;a,&nbsp; metaheur&iacute;stica h&iacute;brida, recocido simulado.</span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><font style="font-weight: bold;" size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Abstract</span></font></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In this paper we developed a new algorithm for solving the problem of multiple&nbsp; sequence alignment (AMS), which is a hybrid metaheuristic based on harmony search&nbsp; and simulated annealing. The hybrid was validated with the methodology of Julie&nbsp; Thompson. This is a basic algorithm and and results obtained during this stage are encouraging. </span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;"><!-- big -->Keywords<!-- /big -->: </span>multiple sequence alignment, harmony search, hybrid metaheuristic, simulated annealing.</span></font>    <br>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Mathematics Subject Classification:</span> 90C59.    <br>     <br> </span></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;">    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Ver contenido disponible en pdf</span></font><br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><font style="font-weight: bold;" size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font></font></div> <hr  style="width: 100%; height: 2px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;">     <div style="text-align: justify;"><font size="2"><font  style="font-weight: bold;" size="3"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Referencias</span></font></font>    <!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[1] Ag&uuml;ero, F. (2004) &#8220;Alineamiento de secuencias. B&uacute;squeda de secuencias en bases&nbsp; de datos&#8221;, en: <a href="http://brucella.unsam.edu.ar/bioinformatica2004/sss-msa.ppt">http://brucella.unsam.edu.ar/bioinformatica2004/sss-msa.ppt</a>, Instituto </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">de Investigaciones Biotecnol&oacute;gicas, Universidad Nacional de General San Mart&iacute;n.&nbsp; Consultado 1/10/2008 8:30 p.m.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946904&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[2] Altschul, S.F.; Erickson, B.W. (1986) &#8220;Optimal sequence alignment using affine gap cost&#8221;, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology bf 48(5-6): 603&#8211;616.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946907&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </span></font>    ]]></body>
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Tesis en Ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946943&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[19] Thompson, J.D.; Plewnlak, F.; Poch, O. (1999) &#8220;BALiBASE: A benchmark aligment database for the evaluatios of multiple alignmet programs&#8221;, Bioinformatics 15(1): 87&#8211;88.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946945&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[20] Wang, Y.; Li, K.B. (2004) &#8220;An adaptive and iterative algorithm for refining multiple sequence alignment&#8221;, omputational Biology and Chemistry 28(2): 141&#8211;148.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946948&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[21] Lee, Z.J.; Su, S.F.; Chuang, C.C.; Liu, K.H. (2008) &#8220;Genetic algorithm with ant&nbsp; colony optimization (GA-ACO) for multiple sequence alignment&#8221;. Applied Soft Computing 8(1): 55&#8211;78.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1946951&pid=S1409-2433201100010000900021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><br>     <br>     <br> </span></font>     <div style="text-align: left;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="correspondencia"></a>Correspondencia a: </span></font><font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Roman Anselmo Mora&#8211;Guti&eacute;rrez. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Posgrado en Ingenier&iacute;a de Sistemas, Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Avenida Insurgentes Sur sin n&uacute;mero, Col. Copilco Universidad, </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Del. Coyoac&aacute;n, 04360, M&eacute;xico D. F. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:ing.romanmora@gmail.com">ing.romanmora@gmail.com</a></span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font><font  size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Javier Ram&iacute;rez&#8211;Rodr&iacute;guez. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Departamento de Sistemas, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco. </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">Avenida San Pablo 180, Colonia Reynosa Tamaulipas, 02200 M&eacute;xico D. F. E-Mail: </span><a href="mailto:jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx</span></a></font> </div> </div>     <div style="text-align: left;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Mayra Elizondo&#8211;Cort&eacute;s. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Posgrado en Ingenier&iacute;a de Sistemas, Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional </span><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Misma direcci&oacute;n que/same address as Mora-Guti&eacute;rrez, E-Mail: </span><a  href="mailto:mayra.elizondo@hotmail.com"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">mayra.elizondo@hotmail.com</span></a></font></div>     <div style="text-align: center;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Received: 18 Feb 2010; Revised: 11 Nov 2010; Accepted: 19 Nov 2010</span></font> </div>     ]]></body>
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