<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-1429</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Costarricense de Salud Pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. costarric. salud pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-1429</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-14292019000200141</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Antibioticoterapia en la Neumonía Adquirida en la Comunidad]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotic therapy in community acquired pneumonia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nancy Katalina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carballo Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katiana Dialá]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Benedica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consultorio Médico  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>141</fpage>
<lpage>154</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-14292019000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-14292019000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-14292019000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La neumonía es una infección a nivel del parénquima pulmonar, que puede categorizarse según el lugar de contagio como adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) o nosocomial, lo cual resulta muy importante tener presente al momento de definir el manejo. Para fines del presente artículo, se hace énfasis en la NAC de etiología bacteriana, enfatizando aquellas infecciones producidas por microorganismos como: Sreptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae y Legionella sp También se hace referencia a la presentación clínica y pruebas de gabinete existentes para facilitar el diagnóstico y valorar de forma objetiva la evolución del cuadro. Se menciona la utilidad de escalas como la PSI, CURB65, SMART-COP, SCAP, entre otras, para determinar si el manejo más oportuno de la NAC es a nivel ambulatorio o intrahospitalario y, en caso de ser este último, identificar si lo más recomendado es el seguimiento en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) o en salones de medicina interna. Con respecto al tratamiento, se exponen diversos esquemas de antibioticoterapia recomendados para el manejo de NAC a nivel ambulatorio, intrahospitalario y en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), tales como el uso de penicilinas, inhibidores de betalactamasas, quinolonas, cefalosporinas, macrólidos, entre otros. A su vez, se mencionan los criterios que definen los tiempos de duración de los esquemas antibióticos y las recomendaciones del National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) para la educación del paciente con NAC por parte del médico tratante.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Pneumonia is an infection located in lung parenchyma that can be classified according to the place of acquisition into Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) or Hospital and Healthcare-Acquired Pneumonia, which is of major importance to define the physician management. In this article the main idea to present the bacterial CAP giving special importance to those caused by Sreptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae y Legionella sp. In addition, the following article approaches the clinical presentation and diverse laboratory tests to complement an accurate diagnosis and the evolution of the disease. The scores PSI, CURB65, SMART-COP and SCAP can be a very useful tool to help the physician determine if the patient needs to be hospitalized in an internal medicine service, intensive care unit or if the case can be handled as an outpatient. The antibiotics are keystone to treat the pneumonia, and different therapies designed to manage CAP in outpatients and inpatients are explained, such as amoxicillin, amoxixillin/clavulanate, azithromycin, cefdinir, moxifloxacin among others; as well as the criteria to determine the optimal duration of the treatment. As an addition the recommendations given by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) are provided to the physicians as a tool to improve patient&#8217;s education and optimize the initial approach and management.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Streptococcus pneumoniae.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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