<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-1429</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Costarricense de Salud Pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. costarric. salud pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-1429</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-14292017000100001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Manejo de infecciones del tracto urinario]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Management of the urinary tract infections]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carballo Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katiana Dialá]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nancy Katalina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consultorio Médico Dra. Carballo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Benedica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>10</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-14292017000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-14292017000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-14292017000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) suelen ser una causa frecuente de consulta a los diversos servicios de medicina general. Ciertas condiciones como el embarazo, estados de inmunosupresión, sexo masculino y/o malformaciones del aparato genitourinario favorecen la complicación de esta patología, lo que requiere un manejo oportuno y específico. Son diversos los agentes etiológicos causantes de este cuadro, donde son el orden de frecuencia la Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis y Klebsiella neumoniae. Para su adecuado abordaje, una completa historia clínica y un adecuado examen físico dirigido son indispensables y de forma coadyuvante diversas guías avalan la realización del urocultivo como método estándar de oro para un diagnóstico certero. En cuanto a manejo farmacológico compete, el uso de antibióticos se reserva para casos específicos, algunos como el Trimetoprim sulfametoxazol, que anteriormente era la primera línea de elección, han caído en desuso debido al aumento en la resistencia bacteriana. Por otra parte, medicamentos como la nitrofurantoína continúan dando adecuados resultados tras su utilización. Por último, drogas como la fosfomicina, betalactámicos y algunas fluoroquinolonas ofrecen respuestas variables en el manejo de las cistitis. Finalmente, condiciones específicas como la pielonefritis presentan como manejo de primera línea el uso de fluoroquinolonas por el grado de compromiso asociado. El presente artículo pretende actualizar al médico general sobre el manejo y tratamiento actual para las infecciones urinarias con el fin de asegurar la adecuada evolución de sus pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a common cause to visit an emergency service or general medicine, this disease is more frequently in women and it does not difference between economical status. Certain conditions such as pregnancy, immunosuppression, being male, and/or malformations in the urinary tract can lead to many complications that require an urgent an accurate management. Is well known that there are several pathogens who can produce this disease, the most commons in order of appearance are Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella neumoniae. For an accurate management, as in all the diseases, is well know the importance of a good clinical history, a truthful physical examination, but the physician can also use many other tools such as the urine culture, which is indeed the gold standard for the diagnosis. In the pharmacological field the use of antibiotics is reserved only to certain cases. There are some drugs like the Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, year ago the first step to treat an UTI, that have lost their effectiveness due the rise in bacterial resistance; on the other side drugs such as nitrofurantoin are still useful, and other drugs like the fosfomycin, beta-lactams and some fluoroquinolones are able to handle some cystitis. Finally, specifics conditions such as the pyelonephritis require the use of fluoroquinolonas due the complexity of the condition. This article pretends in a short and precisely way to update the physicians in the management, diagnosis and treatment of the UTI, having as a goal guarantee the evolution of their patients.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cistitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fisiopatología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disuria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cystitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[physiopathology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dysuria]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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