<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-0015</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Legal de Costa Rica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. leg. Costa Rica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152020000100101</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Forensics in HIV Transmission Crimes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grazinoli Garrido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçailves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela da Costa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,PPGD/UCP - FND/UFRJ IPPGF/PCERJ ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff2  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>101</fpage>
<lpage>113</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152020000100101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152020000100101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152020000100101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Forensic microbiology is a scientific area that has emerged with the need to investigate biocrimes, as in the case of intentional transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The present exploratory work aimed to demonstrate how biomedical technology, such as phylogenetics and quantification of viral load and CD4+ T lymphocytes, can be used to produce technical evidence that brings more certainty in determining the authorship and materiality of these criminal behaviors.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La microbiología forense es un área científica que ha surgido con la necesidad de investigar los delitos biológicos, como en el caso de la transmisión intencional del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Este trabajo exploratorio tuvo como objetivo demostrar cómo la tecnología biomédica, como la filogenética y la cuantificación de la carga viral y los linfocitos T CD4+, puede usarse para producir evidencia técnica que brinde más certeza para determinar la autoría y la materialidad de estas conductas criminales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Investigación forense]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SIDA, VIH, crimen.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Forensics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AIDS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HIV, crime]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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