<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-0015</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Legal de Costa Rica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. leg. Costa Rica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152019000100110</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Intoxicación por organofosforados]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Organophospate poisoning]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saborío Cervantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ishtar Estefanía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María del Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Heredia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>110</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152019000100110&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152019000100110&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152019000100110&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La intoxicación por organofosforados es de gran importancia en el campo de la medicina, debido a su uso frecuente en la actividad agrícola, las intoxicaciones producidas por estos agentes pueden ser ocupacionales, accidentales, y con mayor frecuencia por ingesta voluntaria. Una de las mayores repercusiones de los organofosforados es la inhibición del acetil colinesterasa, enzima encargada de hidrolizar el acetil colina. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la intoxicación aguda se deben a la estimulación de receptores muscarínicos y nicotínicos, entre ellas broncorrea, salivación, lagrimeo, broncoespasmo, defecación, emesis, miosis, entre otros. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la historia clínica y examen físico, de manera adicional con la detección de los niveles en sangre eritrocitaria de acetil colinesterasa o de los metabolitos de los organofosforados. El manejo incluye la descontaminación del agente, la revisión del estado respiratorio y el acceso al soporte ventilatorio, posteriormente se procede con el tratamiento farmacológico que incluye el uso de la atropina, pralidoxima y diazepam. El presente artículo constituye una revisión bibliográfica sobre la intoxicación por organofosforados, sus manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Organophosphorus poisoning is of great importance in the field of medicine due to its frequent use in agriculture, the poisoning by exposure to these agents can be occupational, accidental, and frequently due to voluntary intake. Organophosphorus&#8217; intake most notable effects are produced by the inhibition of the acetyl cholinesterase, responsible for hydrolyzing acetyl choline. Clinical manifestations of acute intoxication typically include bronchorrhea, salivation, lacrimation, bronchospasm, defecation, emesis, miosis, among others and they occur due to the stimulation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. Diagnosis is made through the interrogation and physical examination, in addition to the detection of acetyl cholinesterase levels or the organophosphates&#8217; metabolites in blood testing. Management includes decontamination of the agent, review of respiratory status and access to ventilatory support, followed by pharmacological treatment that includes the use of atropine, pralidoxime and diazepam. The present article constitutes a bibliographic review about the organophosphorus intoxication, its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Envenenamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compuestos organofosforados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acetilcolinesterasa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antídoto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Poisoning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organophosphorus compounds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acetylcholinesterase]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antidote]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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