<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-0015</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Legal de Costa Rica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. leg. Costa Rica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152018000100052</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Leishmaniasis: Opciones terapéuticas en la población pediátrica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Leishmaniasis: Therapeutic options in the pediatric population]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piccolo Johanning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Loretta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Elizondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugenia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang Zúñiga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sancho Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UCR  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Nacional de Niños HNN unidad de dermatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica.</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,HNN  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica.</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,HNN  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica.</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,HNN Jefe del servicio de dermatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica.</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>52</fpage>
<lpage>64</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152018000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152018000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152018000100052&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad parasitaria crónica endémica en muchas partes del mundo. La variabilidad de cepas, su clínica y respuesta a tratamiento ha hecho que se clasifique en dos grandes grupos: la leishmaniasis del Nuevo Mundo y la del Viejo Mundo. Según esto, varían las recomendaciones respecto a manejo y seguimiento. En esta revisión se hace énfasis a la leishmaniasis de nuestro medio, revisando opciones terapéuticas y posibilidades principalmente en la población pediátrica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Leishmaniasis is a chronic parasitic disease endemic in many parts of the world. The variability of strains, their clinic and response to treatment has led to their classification into two major groups: New World leishmaniasis and Old World leishmaniasis. According to this, the recommendations regarding management and follow-up vary. In this review, emphasis is placed on leishmaniasis in our environment, reviewing therapeutic options and possibilities mainly in the pediatric population.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Leishmaniasis - Población pediátrica- especies de Leishmania - tratamiento en niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Leishmaniasis - Pediatric population - Leishmania species - treatment in children]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haldar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of Antimony in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis: Current Status and Future Directions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Biology International]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo-Antillón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza-Aguerre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobo-Philp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estado actual de la leishmaniasis en Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliviera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schubach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review of the adverse effects of cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment in the New World]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Tropica]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>118</volume>
<numero>2011</numero>
<issue>2011</issue>
<page-range>87-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohebali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fotouhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hooshmand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of miltefosine and meglumineantimoniate for the treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis by a randomized clinical trial in Iran]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Tropica]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<page-range>33-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Layegh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahsepar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systemic MeglumineAntimoniate in Acute Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Children versus Adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>539-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janjua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical Efficacy of Intramuscular MeglumineAntimoniate Alone and in Combination with Intralesional MeglumineAntimoniate in the Treatment of Old World Cutaneous Leishmanisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Dermatovenerol Croat]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>60-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balasegaram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beijen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Miltefosine: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of leishmaniasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Antimicrob Chemaother]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitropoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durkin.Konidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New World cutaneous leishmaniasis: Updated review of current and future diagnosis and treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Acad Dermatol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<page-range>309-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubiano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muvdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Noninferiority of Miltefosine versus MeglumineAntimoniate for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JID]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>205</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of Miltefosine for the Treatment of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>351-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiuman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ueda-Nakamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent advances in leishmaniasis treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Infectious Diseases]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>e525-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balderrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of miltefosine for Bolivian cutaneous leishmaniasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>210-1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Prospecto de Glucantime®, Sanofi- Aventis]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talgari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of a single dose pentamidine (7mg/kg) fos patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. guyanensis: a pilot study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[An Bras Dermatol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>807-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Miltefosine for New World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical Infectious Diseases]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>1266-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa-Arango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scorzonii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaragoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[It only takes one to do many Jobs: AMphotericin B as antifungal and immunomodulatory drug]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>286</numero>
<issue>286</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makhoul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Recognition and Treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Fam Physician]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>455-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cossio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical and Epidemiologic Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombian Children: Considerations for Local Treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>359-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
