<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822022000200139</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v35i2.5598</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Éster de aceite de palma (Elaeis guineensis) como aditivo deshidratante de crudos.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ester of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) as a dehydrating additive for crude oils]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén Darío]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Marcano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Gregorio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Núcleo de Monagas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Núcleo de Monagas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>139</fpage>
<lpage>151</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Un aditivo deshidratante actúa rompiendo la emulsión del agua contenida en el crudo, haciendo que las gotas se junten, aumenten su tamaño y por gravedad caigan, ocurriendo así la separación. Los ésteres han sido propuestos para tal fin, por lo que el presente trabajo evaluó el uso de éster de aceite de palma (Elaeis guineensis) como posible deshidratante de crudos. La investigación inició con la obtención de un biodiesel el cual seguidamente fue glucosidado para producir el éster, a ambos se les conocieron sus composiciones mediante la aplicación de una espectroscopia de infrarrojo (IR), demostrando solo diferencias entre ambos en el lapso de 3100 y 3700 cm-1 debido a la glucosa. Se caracterizó una muestra de crudo, resultando ser de tipo mediano de acuerdo a lo establecido por el American Petroleum Institute (API), además presentó un porcentaje (%) de agua y sedimentos de dos. Posteriormente, se formuló el producto deshidratante al adicionarle al éster glucosidado Xileno (90% Xileno-10% del éster). Se prepararon tres concentraciones (100, 200 y 300 ppm) y se procedió a realizar la prueba de la botella, obteniéndose resultados satisfactorios debido a que el aditivo logró romper la emulsión e hizo coalescer toda el agua contenida en el crudo a la menor concentración (100 ppm) en un tiempo de 60 min. Al aplicar una prueba no paramétrica de Fredman (a=0,05) se demostró que no existen diferencias estadísticas significativas entre el deshidratante propuesto y uno comercial. Se concluyó que el producto es eficiente para el uso requerido.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract A dehydrating additive acts by breaking the emulsion of the water contained in the crude oil, causing the drops to come together, increase in size and fall by gravity, thus separating. Esters have been proposed for this purpose, so the present work evaluated the use of palm oil ester (Elaeis guineensis) as a possible crude dehydrator. The research began with the obtaining of a biodiesel which was then glycosidated to produce the ester, both their compositions were known through the application of infrared spectroscopy (IR), showing only differences between the two in the period of 3100 and 3700 cm-1 due to glucose. A crude oil sample was characterized, turning out to be of a medium type according to the provisions of the American Petroleum Institute (API), it also presented a percentage (%) of water and sediments of two. Subsequently, the dehydrating product was formulated by adding Xylene to the glucosidated ester (90% Xylene-10% of the ester). Three concentrations were prepared (100, 200 and 300 ppm) and the bottle test was carried out, obtaining satisfactory results because the additive managed to break the emulsion and coalesced all the water contained in the crude to the lowest concentration (100 ppm) in a time of 60 min. By applying a non-parametric Fredman test (a= 0.05) it was shown that there are no statistically significant differences between the proposed dehydrating agent and a commercial one. It was concluded that the product is efficient for the use that was required.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Aditivo deshidratante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[éster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[espectroscopias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prueba de la botella]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transesterificación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emulsión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dehydrating additive]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ester]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spectroscopy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bottle test]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[transesterification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emulsion]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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