<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822022000100100</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v35i1.5288</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación del riesgo químico mediante la aplicación de un índice de seguridad inherente: un caso de estudio en cursos de docencia de química general en un centro universitario]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Chemical risk assessment by applying an inherent safety index: a case study in general chemistry teaching courses at a university center]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Barrantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jose Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sotomayor-Pineda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afú-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christopher]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jocelyn]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vallejo-Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Laboratorio de Química de la Atmósfera, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Escuela de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Escuela de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Escuela de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Escuela de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>100</fpage>
<lpage>114</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000100100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000100100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000100100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La Seguridad Inherente (SI) ha tomado una gran importancia durante los últimos años, permitiendo evaluar los riesgos químicos para eliminar o evitar los peligros asociados a procesos químico-físicos, mediante la implementación de protecciones adicionales en las distintas corrientes industriales y a escalas menores como lo son los laboratorios químicos de centros universitarios. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo general definir el nivel de riesgo químico presente en curso e Química General desarrolladlos en centros universitarios, mediante la aplicación de un índice de riesgo de seguridad inherente. Durante el trabajo de campo se evaluaron los riesgos de las sustancias químicas y las prácticas experimentales Se recopilo información referente a propiedades fisicoquímicas y tóxicas de las sustancias , para su posterior interpretación de acuerdo las variables utilizadas por el método. Se obtuvo un Índice de seguridad inherente al producto químico (I CI) para cada experimento. En total se evaluaron 123 reactivos químicos de 20 procedimientos experimentales, obteniendo el valor I CI más elevado (15) para las prácticas ''Reacciones químicas: ecuaciones químicas'' y ''Valoraciones ácido-base''. En general el nivel de riesgo según los valores experimental obtenidos de I CI para los laboratorios evaluados se consideran bajos, con valores en un rango de entre 2 y 15, en comparación con el valor teórico máximo (23) permitido por la metodología utilizada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Inherent Safety (IS) has taken on great importance in recent years, allowing chemical risks to be assessed in order to eliminate or avoid hazards associated with physicochemical processes, by implementing additional protection in the various industrial streams as well as on smaller scale production process, like the chemical laboratories of university centers. The main objective of this research is to define the level of chemical risk present in General Chemistry experimental practices developed at university centers, by applying an inherent safety risk index. The risks of the chemicals were evaluated by obtaining physicochemical and toxic properties of the substances and their corresponding comparison with the sub-indices of the evaluation method of the inherent safety index, to finally obtain the Inherent Safety Index of the chemical (ICI) for each experiment. A total of 123 chemical reagents from 20 experimental procedures were evaluated, obtaining the highest ICI value (15) for the practices ''Chemical reactions: chemical equations'' and ''Acid-base titrations''. In general, the level of risk according to the experimental values obtained from ICI for the evaluated laboratories are considered low, with values in a range between 2 and 15, compared to the maximum theoretical value (23) allowed by the methodology used.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad inherente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[peligro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[laboratorio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[universidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[producto químico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inherent safety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hazard]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[university]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[laboratory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chemical]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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