<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822018000300041</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v31i3.3900</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Bioimpresión de órganos y tejidos en tercera dimensión: técnicas, aplicaciones y limitaciones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Third-dimensional organ and tissue printing: techniques, applications, and limitations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang-Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pomares-Wauters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Geget]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godfrey-Lowis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melody]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica. Costa Rica Facultad de Farmacia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Farmacia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Farmacia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Farmacia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Farmacia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Departamento de Farmacia Industrial Facultad de Farmacia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>41</fpage>
<lpage>51</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822018000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822018000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822018000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La impresión en tercera dimensión (3D) es el proceso de manufactura controlado por un programa informático de un objeto tridimensional con materiales que se disponen por capas. Sus tres grandes etapas son preprocesamiento, procesamiento y postprocesamiento. En lo que respecta al procesamiento, las distintas técnicas aplicadas abarcan la bioimpresión asistida por láser, la impresión térmica por medio de cartuchos y biotinta, la bioimpresión de escritura directa y la bioimpresión por medio de esferoides. Algunas de las aplicaciones generales de los métodos mencionados son la fabricación de tejido hepático y cardíaco, y la diferenciación de miocitos, ambas útiles para el avance en medicina y en el desarrollo de fármacos. Aun así, existen retos y limitaciones en relación con estos, entre los cuales destacan el desarrollo adecuado de la vasculatura de los órganos y tejidos creados, y el logro del trasplante al paciente de un órgano obtenido por bioimpresión, además de los cuidados de postcirugía, como parte de la inmunovigilancia. Como complemento, se deben considerar una serie de implicaciones bioéticas, de las cuales la implementación del consentimiento informado es relevante en todo paso de la terapia a la que se someta el paciente. Esto implica la creación de leyes y guías que permitan regular el proceso.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Third-dimensional (3D) printing is the additive manufacturing process of a three-dimensional object, controlled by a computer program. Its three major stages are preprocessing, processing and postprocessing. In addition, with regard to processing, the different techniques for obtaining it include laser-assisted bioprinting, thermal printing using cartridges and bioink, direct-write bioprinting, and bioprinting using spheroids. Some of the general applications of the mentioned methods are hepatic and cardiac tissue manufacture, and myocytes differentiation, which are useful for advance in medicine and in the development of drugs. Even so, there are challenges to overcome and limitations related to them, including the adequate development of organs and tissues vasculature, and the fact of transplanting an organ obtained by bioprinting to a patient; besides, postsurgery care, considered as part of the immunovigilance. As a complement, a series of bioethical implications should be undertaken; among them, the implementation of informed consent is relevant in every step of the therapy to which the patient submits. This implies the creation of laws and guides to regulate the process.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bioimpresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[andamio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biotinta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bioprinting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[scaffold]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioink]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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