<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0377-9424</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Costarricense]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0377-9424</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica. Colegio de Ingenieros y Agrónomos. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0377-94242023000200111</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rac.v47i2.56136</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto del uso de una mezcla de compuestos gluconeogénicos en vacas lecheras en transición]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Effect of the use of a mixture of gluconeogenic compounds in dairy cows in transition]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arita-Portillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elizondo-Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica, Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrícolas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Estación Experimental Alfredo Volio Mata  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>111</fpage>
<lpage>120</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0377-94242023000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0377-94242023000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0377-94242023000200111&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. Durante el periodo de transición las vacas lecheras sufren grandes cambios metabólicos, ocasionados por el final de la gestación y el inicio de la lactancia. Durante este periodo la mayoría de vacas presentan un balance energético negativo, debido a la reducción en la ingesta de materia seca y un aumento de los requerimientos energéticos, que induce a la movilización de tejido adiposo y una consecuente cetogénesis, asociada con un menor aporte de glucosa a nivel hepático y menor capacidad oxidativa de ácidos grasos no esterificados en este órgano. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de una mezcla de compuestos gluconeogénicos (propilenglicol, propionato de calcio y propionato de sodio) sobre los parámetros productivos de vacas en transición. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se desarrolló en San Carlos, Alajuela, Costa Rica de junio a octubre de 2020. Se ofrecieron 400 g de la mezcla de compuestos gluconeogénicos desde los 21 días antes de parto hasta los 21 días posparto. Se utilizaron 18 vacas multíparas a las que se les asignó aleatoriamente uno de los 2 tratamientos: vacas que consumían la mezcla de compuestos gluconeogénicos (PG) y vacas que no consumían dicha mezcla (TG). Se midió el peso vivo, la condición corporal, las concentraciones de glucosa y &#946;-hidroxibutirato en sangre, la producción de leche y sus componentes. Resultados. El tratamiento no afectó el peso vivo, la condición corporal ni la producción de leche. Se observaron diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de glucosa 7 días antes del parto, siendo mayores para las PG que para TG (p&lt;0,05). Las concentraciones de betahidroxibutirato fueron mayores para TG que para PG (p&lt;0,05) los días 7 y 21 posparto. La concentración de sólidos totales y grasa en la leche fueron mayores para TG que PG (p&lt;0,05) en el día 7 posparto. Conclusión. Los resultados sugieren que suplementar con una mezcla de compuestos gluconeogénicos mejora el balance energético de vacas en transición.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. During the transition period, dairy cows undergo great metabolic changes, due to the end of pregnancy and the beginning of lactation. During this period, most cows have a negative energy balance, due to the reduction in dry matter intake and the increase in energy requirements, thus in order to supply the needed energy, body reserves are mobilized. Objective. Evaluate the effect of the inclusion of a mixture of gluconeogenic compounds (propylene glycol, calcium propionate and sodium propionate) on productive parameters of transition cows. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in San Carlos, Alajuela, Costa Rica, between of June and October of 2020. 400 g of the mixture of gluconeogenic compounds were offered from day 21 before calving until 21 days postpartum. Eighteen multiparous cows were assigned to one of the two treatments: cows that consumed the mixture of gluconeogenic compounds (PG) and cows that did not consume the mixture of gluconeogenic compounds (TG). Live weight, body condition, blood glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, milk production and its components were measured. Results. Treatment did not affect live weight, body condition and milk production. Significant differences were observed in glucose concentrations 7 days before parturition, being higher for PG than for TG (p&lt;0.05). Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were higher for TG than for PG (p&lt;0.05) on days 7 and 21 postpartum. Total solids and fat concentrations in milk were higher for TG than PG (p&lt;0.05) on day 7 postpartum. Conclusion. Results suggest that supplementation with a mixture of gluconeogenic compounds improves the energy balance of dairy cows in transition.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[propilenglicol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cetosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[glucosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[betahidroxibutirato.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[propylene glycol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ketosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[glucose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[beta-hydroxybutyrate]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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