<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0377-9424</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Costarricense]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0377-9424</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica. Colegio de Ingenieros y Agrónomos. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0377-94242015000200019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hongos causantes de enfermedades postcosecha en chayote (sechium edule (jacq.) Sw.) y su control in vitro]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fungi that cause postharvest diseases in chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) and their in vitro control]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Velazquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Siul D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tlapal-Bolaños]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bertha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadena-Iñiguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto-Ángel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arévalo-Galarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mª. de Lourdes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montecillo Texcoco]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Chapingo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chapingo Texcoco]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Salinas Hidalgo San Luis Potosí]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>32</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0377-94242015000200019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0377-94242015000200019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0377-94242015000200019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ResumenEl fruto de chayote (Sechium edule(Jaqc.) Sw.) es una hortaliza de exportación de importancia para México y Costa Rica. El proceso comercial exige cumplir con estándares de calidad, que implican frutos sanos y libres de defectos. Sin embargo, debido a las condiciones de alta humedad que se desarrollan en los frutos empacados en películas plásticas, se han presentado rechazos en el mercado de exportación, por la presencia de enfermedades fungosas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar morfológica (microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido) y molecularmente (PCR: Polimerase Chain Reaction) las especies de hongos causales de las principales enfermedades postcosecha de chayote en frutos infectados procedentes de huertas comerciales para exportación, así como probar in vitro la efectividad de diversos productos comerciales en la inhibición del crecimiento de dichos hongos. Los resultados mostraron a Didymella bryoniae como el causante de "gomosis de las cucurbitáceas" y a Fusarium oxysporumy F. solanicomo causales de fusariosis o ahogamiento de guías; estos patógenos dañan la parte basal y media de frutos comerciales, además de Chaetomium globosum, un asociado al proceso infeccioso de Fusarium sp., como saprófito no patógeno. La inoculación con Bacillus subtilis presentó una inhibición efectiva (0,01 mg.l-1 i.a) en las pruebas in vitro contra Didymella bryoniae, Fusarium oxysporum y F. solani;el fungicida más efectivo contra los 2 primeros fue Tebuconazole-trifloxystrobin, con una DL50 de 0,0116 y 0,0106 mg.l-1 respectivamente; no así contra F. solani, cuyo mayor control fue registrado con procloraz, con DL50 de 0,0042 mg.l-1. Estos resultados contribuyen al reconocimiento de las enfermedades fungosas más importantes en chayote y su perspectiva de control durante el manejo postcosecha de frutos para exportación.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[AbstractThe fruit of chayote (Sechium edule (Jaqc.) Sw.) it is a vegetable of export of importance to Mexico and Costa Rica. The commercial process requires to accomplish high quality standards, which implies fruit healthy and free from defects. However, due to the high humidity conditions that develop inside the plastic packing, there have been several rejections from brokers due to the presence of fungal diseases. The aim of this work was to identify morphological (optical microscopy and scanning electron) and molecularly (PCR: Polimerase Chain Reaction) the species of the causal fungi of the main postharvest diseases of chayote fruits for export, as well as in vitro tests of the effectiveness of various commercial products as inhibitors of the growth of these fungi. The results show that Didymella bryoniaeis the cause of "gummosis of cucurbits", while Fusarium oxysporumand F. solani cause fusarium head blight or drowning of guides; these pathogens damage the basal and median part of marketable fruit, in addition to Chaetomium globosum as associate of the infectious process caused for Fusarium sp., as a non-pathogenic saprophyte. Bacillus subtilis, had an effective inhibition (0,01 mg.l-1 a.i.) in vitro tests against Didymella bryoniae, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. Tebuconazole-trifloxystrobin was the most effective fungicide against the first 2, with an LD50 value of 0,0116 and 0,0106 mg.l-1 respectively; not so against F. solani, where prochloraz was more effective, with a LD50 value of 0,0042 mg.l-1. These results contribute to the recognition of the most important fungal diseases in chayote and their prospects for control during the postharvest handling of fruits for export.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fusarium sp.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cucurbitáceas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fungicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacillus subtilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[procloraz.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fusarium sp.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cucurbita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fungicides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacillus subtilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prochloraz.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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