<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0256-7024</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Geológica de América Central]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Geol. Amér. Central]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0256-7024</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0256-70242018000200039</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rgac.v59i0.34156</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reappraisal of the holotype of &#8220;testudo&#8221; costarricensis, a tortoise supposedly from the oligocene or lower miocene of Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reevaluación del holotipo de &#8220;testudo&#8221; costarricensis, una supuesta tortuga del oligoceno o mioceno inferior de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lichtig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Asher J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Spencer G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,New Mexico Museum of Natural History  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Albuquerque New Mexico]]></addr-line>
<country>U.S.A</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>59</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0256-70242018000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0256-70242018000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0256-70242018000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract &#8220;Testudo&#8221; costarricensis was described as a basal tortoise from the Oligocene or lower Miocene of Costa Rica and considered as evidence of a migration of tortoises from North America to South America to provide an ancestor to the modern genus Chelonoides. However, this was based on an incorrect reconstruction of the holotype carapace and plastron of continental T. costarricensis, which, when corrected, is identical to the North American Oligocene tortoise Oligopherus laticunea. Furthermore, there are no continental sedimentary rocks of Oligocene to Miocene age at the purported type locality nor does the matrix associated with the holotype of T. costarricensis match any sediment found there. T. costarricensis thus, apparently, is not a tortoise from the continental Miocene of Costa Rica. Instead, it was likely based on a specimen of Oligopherus laticunea from the United States.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen &#8220;Testudo&#8221; costarricensis se describió como una tortuga basal del Oligoceno o Mioceno Inferior de Costa Rica y se consideró como evidencia de una migración de tortugas de América del Norte a América del Sur para culminar con el género Chelonoides moderno. Sin embargo, esto se basó en una reconstrucción incorrecta del caparazón holotipo y el plastrón de T. costarricensis continental, que, cuando se analiza, es idéntica a la del Oligoceno norteamericano Oligopherus laticunea. Además, no hay rocas sedimentarias continentales de edad Oligoceno a Mioceno en la localidad del tipo del pretendido hallazgo, ni la matriz asociada con el holotipo de T. costarricensis concuerda con ningún sedimento encontrado allí. T. costarricensis, por lo tanto, parece no corresponder con una tortuga continental del Mioceno de Costa Rica; en su lugar, al parecer corresponde probablemente con un espécimen de Oligopherus laticunea de los Estados Unidos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tortoise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Miocene]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[turtles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Testudo costarricensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oligopherus laticunea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tortuga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mioceno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tortugas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Testudo costarricensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Oligopherus laticunea]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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