<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442025000300018</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v73is2.64534</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Revalidation of Ptychophallus campylus Pretzmann, 1968, a freshwater crab species from Costa Rica (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pseudothelphusidae)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Revalidación de Ptychophallus campylus Pretzmann, 1968, una especie de cangrejo de agua dulce de Costa Rica (Brachyura: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magalhães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Célio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wehrtmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ingo S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af6"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantelatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP) Laboratório de Bioecologia e Sistemática de Crustáceos (LBSC), Departamento de Biologia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ribeirão Preto SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Manaus AM]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET) Museo de Zoología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR) Unidad de Investigación Pesquera y Acuicultura (UNIP)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Editorial Universitaria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de Guatemala]]></addr-line>
<country>Guatemala</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>73</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Freshwater crab diversity in the Neotropics is high, comprising three families: Epiloboceridae, Pseudothelphusidae and Trichodactylidae. The genus Ptychophallus consists of 13 species, all from Panama and Costa Rica. Ptychophallus campylus has not been recognized as a valid species and has been treated as a presumptive junior synomym of Ptychophallus tristani.  Objective:  The present study aims to formalize the resurrection of P. campylus as a valid species.  Methods:  An additional specimen of P. campylus collected in the province of Limón, Costa Rica, was analyzed and compared to both the holotype of P. campylus and the description of P. tristani.  Results:  The gonopod 1 of P. campylus is morphologically similar to that of P. tristani but can be differentiated by the shape of the lateral process of the male first gonopod. Moreover, both species show different geographic distributions: whereas P. tristani occurs in hydrographic basins of the Pacific versant of Costa Rica, P. campylus seems to be restricted to the Caribbean slope in eastern Costa Rica.  Conclusions: Ptychophallus campylus is formally revalidated from the synonymy of P. tristani, confirming recently published results of multigene analysis that recovered both species in different lineages. This revalidation of P. campylus increases the number of valid species of the genus Ptychophallus to a total of 14, with nine species or 64.2% of all Ptychophallus species occurring in Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La diversidad de cangrejos de agua dulce en el Neotrópico es alta y comprende tres familias: Epiloboceridae, Pseudothelphusidae y Trichodactylidae. El género Ptychophallus consta de 13 especies, todas de Panamá y Costa Rica. Ptychophallus campylus no se ha reconocido como especie válida y se ha tratado como presunto sinónimo junior de Ptychophallus tristani.  Objetivo:  El presente estudio pretende formalizar la resurrección de P. campylus como especie válida.  Métodos:  Se analizó un espécimen adicional de P. campylus recolectado en la provincia de Limón, Costa Rica, y se comparó tanto con el holotipo de P. campylus como con la descripción de P. tristani.  Resultados:  El gonópodo 1 de P. campylus es morfológicamente similar al de P. tristani, pero puede diferenciarse por la forma del proceso lateral del primer gonópodo del macho. Además, ambas especies muestran distribuciones geográficas diferentes: mientras que P. tristani habita en cuencas hidrográficas de la vertiente Pacífico de Costa Rica, P. campylus parece estar restringida a la vertiente del Caribe en el este de Costa Rica.  Conclusión: Ptychophallus campylus se revalida formalmente de la sinonimia de P. tristani, confirmando los resultados recientemente publicados del análisis multigénico que recuperó ambas especies en linajes diferentes. Esta revalidación de P. campylus aumenta el número de especies válidas del género Ptychophallus a un total de 14, con nueve especies o el 64,2% de todas las especies de Ptychophallus presentes en Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Central America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neotropical region]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ptychophallinae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[synonymy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[taxonomy.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Central]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[región neotropical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ptychophallinae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sinonimia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[taxonomía.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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