<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442021000300811</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v69i3.44727</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Histology and structure of the testicles in three species of Atelopus frogs (Anura: Bufonidae) endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Histología y estructura de los testículos en tres especies de ranas Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae) endémicas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arantxa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rincón-Barón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar-Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rueda-Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis-Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Magdalena Facultad de Ciencias Básicas Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Aplicada]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santa Marta]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santander Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Grupo de Investigación Agroambiente y Salud-MICROBIOTA]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Bucaramanga]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de los Andes Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Bogotá]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>811</fpage>
<lpage>828</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000300811&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000300811&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000300811&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Testicular histology constitutes one of the least explored aspects in frogs of the genus Atelopus. This taxonomic group shows an alarming population decline; therefore, its reproductive biology is one of the greatest topics of interest for its conservation.  Objective:  To describe the testicular morphology and the spermatogenetic lineage cells in adult males of Atelopus laetissimus, Atelopus nahumae, and Atelopus carrikeri in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.  Methods:  During June - July 2017 and 2018, sampling was conducted in the localities of San Lorenzo and Páramo Cebolletas, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), to collect 15 adult males, 5 per species. Testes samples were fixed in Bouin to be processed by the standard paraffin-embedding technique. Histological sections (3 &#956;m) were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory-Heidenhain-Azan-Gomori&#8217;s. For the description and photographic register of the germ cells, the photonic microscopy technique was used with the differential interference contrast system.  Results:  The testes are oval organs, compact, light yellow color, and with little vascularization. Externally, they are surrounded by a thin albuginea tunic constituted by regular dense connective tissue. Inside this layer, they are composed of numerous seminiferous tubules of hexagonal contour, in which germ cell cysts are distinguished at different stages of spermatogenesis (spermatogonia I and II, spermatocyte I and II, and early and late spermatids) and spermiogenesis (spermatozoa in fascicles and free spermatozoa). Separating the seminiferous structures is the interstitial tissue in which Leydig cells and blood vessels stand out. Additionally, in the cranial part of the testis, the Bidder&#8217;s organ was found, formed by two distinguishable regions, the cortex and the medulla. In the cortex, there are previtellogénic oocytes of different sizes surrounded by a monolayer of flat follicular cells. For its part, the medullary region is the connective tissue that nourishes the oocytes and is constituted by blood capillaries.  Conclusions:  The gonads of the three species analyzed present a cystic cellular organization similar to other anurans, where all stages of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis were identified, possibly indicating a continuous reproductive activity. Likewise, the Bidder&#8217;s organ is reported for the first time in the three Atelopus species, which allows suggesting a possible sexual reversion in case of a population decrease of females as a reproductive strategy.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La histología testicular constituye uno de los aspectos menos explorados en las ranas del género Atelopus. Este grupo taxonómico ostenta un declive poblacional alarmarte, es por ello, que su biología reproductiva resulta uno de los temas de mayor interés para su conservación.  Objetivo:  Describir la morfología testicular y las células del linaje espermatogénico en machos adultos de Atelopus laetissimus, Atelopus nahumae y Atelopus carrikeri en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.  Métodos:  Durante Junio - Julio de 2017 y 2018 se realizaron muestreos en las localidades de San Lorenzo y Páramo Cebolletas, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), para recolectar 15 machos adultos, 5 por especie. Las muestras de testículo se fijaron en Bouin para ser procesadas mediante la técnica estándar de inclusión en parafina. Las secciones histológicas (3 &#956;m) se tiñeron con Hematoxilina-eosina y Mallory-Heidenhain-Azan-Gomori&#8217;s. Para la descripción y registro fotográfico de las células germinales, se utilizó la técnica de microscopía fotónica con el sistema de contraste diferencial de interferencia.  Resultados:  Los testículos son órganos ovalados, compactos, de color amarillo claro y con poca vascularización. Externamente, están rodeados por una delgada túnica albugínea constituida por tejido conectivo denso regular. Al interior de esta capa se componen por numerosos túbulos seminíferos de contorno hexagonal, en los que se distinguen quistes de células germinativas en diferentes etapas de la espermatogénesis (espermatogonia I y II, espermatocito I y II y espermátidas tempranas y tardías) y espermiogénesis (espermatozoides en fascículos y espermatozoides libres). Separando las estructuras seminíferas se halla el tejido intersticial en el que se destacan las células de Leydig y los vasos sanguíneos. Adicionalmente, en la parte craneal del testículo se encontró el órgano de bidder formado por dos regiones diferenciables, la corteza y la medula. En la corteza se aprecian ovocitos previtelogénicos en diferente tamaño rodeados por una monocapa de células foliculares planas. Por su parte, la región medular es el tejido conectivo que nutre los ovocitos y está constituido por capilares sanguíneos.  Conclusiones:  Las gónadas de las tres especies analizadas presentan una organización celular quística de manera similar con otros anuros, donde se identificó todos los estadios de la espermatogénesis y espermiogénesis indicando posiblemente una actividad reproductiva continua. Así mismo, se reporta por primera vez el órgano de bidder en las tres especies de Atelopus, lo cual permite sugerir una posible reversión sexual en caso de una disminución poblacional de las hembras como una estrategia reproductiva.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spermatogenic cells]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[histology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bidder&#8217;s organ]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sexual reversal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[testes.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[células espermatogénicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[histología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[órgano de bidder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reversión sexual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[testículos.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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