<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442019000300406</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v67i3.34172</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Morphological and biochemical changes during somatic embryogenesis in mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cambios morfológicos y bioquímicos durante la embriogénesis somática en caoba, Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gatica-Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Corrales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kaliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benavides-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolívar-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ethel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elmer]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nien Tzu Weng]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hegele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wünsche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jens-Norbert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdez-Melara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Hohenheim  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>406</fpage>
<lpage>418</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000300406&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000300406&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000300406&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Intensive exploitation of mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla, Meliaceae) has resulted in the loss of natural populations. Somatic embryogenesis offers an alternative to clonal propagation and conservation of mahogany. This study describes biochemical (carbohydrates, total phenols, total flavonoids, protein, and plant growth regulators content) and histological characteristics of the somatic embryogenesis process in mahogany. Calli were obtained by culturing cotyledons of seeds from immature fruits for six weeks on semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgL-1 of kinetin and 4.0 mgL-1 of 2, 4-D. Primary callus was cultured on half strength semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgl-1 6-BA (6-benzylaminopurine) and embryogenic structures were obtained. Embryo development from globular-shaped somatic embryos to the cotyledonary stage was confirmed by histology and scanning electron microscopy. Shoot initiation was observed after somatic embryos were transferred to germination and maturation medium. Endogenous concentrations of carbohydrates, total phenols, total flavonoids, protein, and plant growth regulators were determined in embryogenic (EC) and non-embryogenic (NEC) calli of mahogany. Embryogenic cultures contained significantly higher concentrations of IAA (indoleacetic acid), ABA (abscisic acid), and GAs (Gibberellins 1+3+20), whereas non-embryogenic calli contained more total phenols, flavonoids and resistant starch. Fructose and glucose were not present at detectable levels in EC or NEC, whereas soluble starch and sucrose were only detectable in EC. Concentrations of total proteins, Z/ZR (Zeatin/zeatin riboside) and iP/iPA (N6-(&#916;2-isopentenyl) adenine and N6-(&#916;2-isopentenyl) adenosine) were similar in EC and NEC.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La explotación intensiva de la madera de caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) ha provocado la pérdida de poblaciones naturales. La embriogénesis somática ofrece una alternativa a la propagación clonal y la conservación de esta especie. Este estudio describe las características bioquímicas (contenido de carbohidratos, fenoles totales, flavonoides totales, proteínas y reguladores del crecimiento) e histológicas del proceso de embriogénesis somática en caoba. Los callos se obtuvieron cultivando cotiledones de semillas de frutos inmaduros durante seis semanas en medio MS semisólido suplementado con 1.0 mgL-1 de kinetina y 4.0 mgL-1 de 2, 4-D. Luego se cultivó el callo primario en medio MS semisólido y un suplemento de 1.0 mgl-1 BA y se obtuvieron estructuras embriogénicas. El desarrollo de embriones somáticos de forma globular a la etapa cotiledonar se confirmó por histología y microscopía electrónica de barrido. La iniciación del brote se observó después de que los embriones somáticos se transfirieron a un medio de germinación y maduración. Se determinaron las concentraciones endógenas de carbohidratos, fenoles totales, flavonoides totales, proteínas y reguladores del crecimiento en callos embriogénicos (EC) y no embriogénicos (NEC) de caoba. Los cultivos embriogénicos contenían concentraciones significativamente más altas de IAA, ABA y GA, mientras que los callos no embriogénicos contenían más fenoles totales, flavonoides y almidón resistente. La fructosa y la glucosa no estaban presentes en niveles detectables en EC o NEC, mientras que el almidón soluble y la sacarosa solo se detectaron en el EC. Las concentraciones de proteínas totales, Z / ZR e iP / iPA fueron similares en EC y NEC.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[histological observations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[embryogenic callus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non embryogenic callus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phenolics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[flavonoids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[carbohydrates]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plant growth regulators]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis histológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[callo embriogénico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[callo no embriogénico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fenoles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flavonoides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[carbohidratos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reguladores de crecimiento vegetales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vitro propagation of Swietenia macrophylla King]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>282-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Indole-3-Butyric Acid on clonal propagation of Swietenia macrophylla through branch cutting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Botany]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2015</volume>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bobo-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davidov-Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroqui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vírseda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marín-Arroyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intra-laboratory validation of microplate methods for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity on polyphenolic extracts, and comparison with conventional spectrophotometric methods]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>204-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boissot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guiderdoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plant regeneration from leaf and seed-derived calli and suspension cultures of the African perennial wild rice, Oryza longistaminata]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Reports]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>447-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Branca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fermi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early phases in in vitro culture of tomato cotyledons: starch accumulation and protein pattern in relation to the hormonal treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Protoplasma]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>182</volume>
<page-range>59-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plant regeneration in Spanish cedar, Cedrela odorata L., using zygotic embryo explants from mature seed and improvement of embryogenic nodule initiation by heat shock]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>126-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cangahuala-Inocente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Morphological analysis and histochemistry of Feijoa sellowiana somatic embryogenesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Protoplasma]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>224</volume>
<page-range>33-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cangahuala-Inocente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patterns of protein and carbohydrate accumulation during somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<page-range>217-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agramonte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-T]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Embriogénesis somática directa en Swietenia macrophylla King]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotecnología Vegetal]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>67-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agramonte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Terry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indirect somatic embryogenesis of Swietenia macrophylla King in semisolid culture medium]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotecnología Vegetal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>177-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goodhew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Humphreys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beanland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electron microscopy and analysis]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Taylor &amp; Francis Inc]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grzyb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalandyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waligórski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miku&#322;a]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The content of endogenous hormones and sugars in the process of early somatic embryogenesis in the tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<page-range>387-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guevara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endogenous hormone levels in habituated nucellar Citrus callus during the initial stages of regeneration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Reports]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>92-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regulation of in vitro somatic embryogenesis with emphasis on the role of endogenous hormones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Vegetal]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>196-223</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endogenous hormone levels in explants and in embryogenic and non-embryogenic cultures of carrot]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Physiologia Plantarum]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>111</volume>
<page-range>389-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hormonal status of maize initial explants and of the embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus cultures derived from them as related to morphogenesis in vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Science]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>160</volume>
<page-range>247-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endogenous hormone concentrations and embryogenic callus development in wheat]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>37-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Involvement of plant hormones and plant growth regulators on in vitro somatic embryogenesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Growth Regulation]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>91-110</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Commercially feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, (Kalmia latifolia) by use of shoot tip culture]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Plant Propagators' Society Combined Proceedings]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>421-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loyola-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The history of somatic embryogenesis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loyola-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Somatic embryogenesis: fundamental aspects and applications]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Switzerland ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer International Publishing AG]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maadon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iismail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baharum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Normah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Somatic embryogenesis and metabolic differences between embryogenic and non-embryogenic structures in mangosteen]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<page-range>443-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maataoui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espagnac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michaux-Ferriere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histology of callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis induced in stem fragments of cork oak (Quercus suber) cultured in vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Botany]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<page-range>183-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magalhães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I. G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreiros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segundo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automatic aluminum chloride method for routine estimation of total flavonoids in red wines and teas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Food Analytical Methods]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>530-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuadrado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#8230; Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differences in the contents of total sugars, starch and sucrose in embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli from Medicago arborea L.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Science]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>154</volume>
<page-range>143-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maruyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Polyethylene glicol improves somatic embryo maturation in big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King, Meliaceae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of FFPRI]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>167-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nascimento-Gavioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cangahuala-Inocente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinmacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ree]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiological and biochemical features of embryogenic and non-embryogenic peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) cultures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>33-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segura-Nieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biochemical characterization of embryogenic and non-embryogenic calluses of sugarcane]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>343-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Sheseña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Á.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barredo-Pool]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzáles-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Induction of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in the tropical timber tree Spanish red cedar Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<page-range>203-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roca-Tripepi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assays for the in vitro establishment of Swietenia macrophylla and Cedrela odorata]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>20-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Potchanasin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sringarm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sruamsiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Floral induction (FI) in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees: Part I. Low temperature and potassium chlorate effects on FI and hormonal changes exerted in terminal buds and sub-apical tissue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientia Horticulturae]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<page-range>288-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wetzstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A morphological and histological comparison of the initiation and development of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) somatic embryogenesis cultures induced with naphthaleneacetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Protoplasma]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>204</volume>
<page-range>71-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Técnicas aplicadas al estudio de la anatomía vegetal]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. N. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histochemical evaluation of induction of somatic embryogenesis in Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<page-range>539-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mroginski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Cedrela fissilis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biologia Plantarum]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>383-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warcho&#322;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skrzypek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusibab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Induction of somatic embryogenesis and biochemical characterization of Cordyline australis (G. Forst.) Endl. &#8216;Red Star&#8217; callus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientia Horticulturae]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>192</volume>
<page-range>338-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radioimmunoasssay for differential and direct analysis of free and conjugated abscisic acid in plant extracts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Planta]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>148</volume>
<page-range>262-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of histology in the study of plant tissue culture systems-Some practical comments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>137-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
