<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442019000200149</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v67i2supl.37220</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diversity of phenological patterns of Handroanthus ochraceus (Bignoniaceae) in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diversidad de patrones fenológicos de Handroanthus ochraceus (Cham.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae) en Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobo-Segura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>149</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000200149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000200149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000200149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The study of phenological patterns in plant communities is of vital importance for understanding the temporal cycles of ecosystems, but there is little information on the diversity of phenological patterns that can occur at the intraspecific level, as well as the genetic or environmental factors causing this variation. In Handroanthus ochraceus, a deciduous tree species of neotropical dry forests, ecophysiological studies have proposed the release of water stress as the mechanism that triggers flowering and the sprouting of new leaves. During four years, I observed the cycles of leaf fall, flowering, fruiting, and new leaf production in seven Costa Rican sites that differed in their proximity to water courses and in soil moisture. Six were located in dry forest areas, and one in premontane forest. There were two general phenological patterns: the explosive, where trees depend on the first rains for floral anthesis and the expansion of leaf meristems, and the staggered pattern, with unsynchronized flowering at the beginning and middle of the dry season, independently of rainfall. Although this phenological variation has been previously recognized, the occurrence of these two patterns is not determined by the proximity of water courses, contradicting phenological models proposed for this tree species.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El estudio de los patrones fenológicos en comunidades de plantas es de importancia vital para entender los ciclos temporales de los ecosistemas, pero hay poca información sobre la diversidad de patrones fenológicos que pueden ocurrir a nivel intraespecífico, así como sobre los factores genéticos o ambientales que explican esta variación. En Handroanthus ochraceus, una especie arbórea de bosques secos, estudios ecofisiológicos han propuesto la reducción del estrés hídrico como el mecanismo que dispara la floración y la brotación de hojas nuevas. Durante cuatro años se observaron los ciclos de caída de hojas, floración, fructificación y producción de hojas nuevas en esta especie en siete sitios en Costa Rica, que diferían en su proximidad a fuentes de agua y por consiguiente en los niveles de humedad del suelo. Dos patrones fenológicos generales fueron observados: el patrón explosivo, en el cual los árboles dependen de las primeras lluvias para desarrollar la antesis floral y la expansión de los meristemos foliares, y el patrón escalonado, en el cual los árboles pueden florecer en una forma modular durante el comienzo y parte media de la estación seca, en forma independiente de las lluvias. Aunque esta variación en patrones fenológicos ha sido previamente reconocida, en este estudio se demuestra por vez primera que esta variación no está necesariamente asociada a diferentes niveles de humedad del suelo, contradiciendo modelos fenológicos propuestos para esta especie de árbol.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phenology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Handroanthus ochraceus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phenological cues]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tropical dry forest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fragmentation effects, ENSO effects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fenología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Handroanthus ochraceus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[señales fenológicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bosque tropical seco, efectos de la fragmentación, efecto ENSO]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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