<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442017000200763</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v65i2.22928</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Composición florística, estructura y biomasa de los bosques de pino-encino en la reserva Santa Rosa, Tisey, Estelí, Nicaragua]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Floristic composition, structure and biomass of pine-oak forests in the reserve Santa Rosa, Tisey, Estelí, Nicaragua]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siles G]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talavera A]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andino Rugama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Flavia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alaniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lester]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Managua ]]></addr-line>
<country>NI</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Nicaragua  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Managua ]]></addr-line>
<country>NI</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica del Trópico Seco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Estelí ]]></addr-line>
<country>NI</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>763</fpage>
<lpage>775</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442017000200763&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442017000200763&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442017000200763&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ResumenLos bosques de Pino-Encino se distribuyen desde el centro de México hasta el norte de Nicaragua y representan un ecosistema de importancia para la conservación en Mesoamérica. En Nicaragua, diferentes áreas protegidas fueron creadas para la preservación de este ecosistema tal como la reserva natural Tisey-Estanzuela, pero son considerados susceptibles a la degradación debido a la deforestación y la agricultura, así como presentarse en un nicho ecológico estrecho (700 a 1 500 msnm). En este trabajo, estudiamos la estructura y composición florística en un gradiente de altitud en un bosque mixto de PinusQuercus de tierras altas en Estelí, en el norte de Nicaragua. Un inventario de vegetación en 15 parcelas rectangulares (0.1 ha 20X50 m) fue llevado a cabo para identificar patrones de densidad de árboles, diversidad de especies y almacenamiento de carbono. En cada parcela todos los fustes con diámetro mayor o igual a 2.5 cm fueron identificados a especie y medidos (diámetro a la altura del pecho y altura total). Un total de 1 081 individuos de 24 especies (17 familias y 21 géneros) fueron registrados, siendo Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi, C. vicentina, M. coriacea y S. gladulosum las especies más abundantes representando 92 % de los individuos. Tres asociaciones vegetales fueron definidas basadas en la abundancia y dominancia de Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi y las otras especies, dos de estas asociaciones fueron dominadas por Pinus (Bosque de Pino y Bosques de Pino-encino) a altitudes entre 1 300 a 1 400 msnm, mientras la tercera asociación por encinos y otras especies (Cletha vicentina, Myrsine coriaceae, Sapium glandulosum) fue encontrada principalmente a altitudes mayores de 1 400 msnm. La composición y diversidad de especies fue influenciada significativamente por la dominancia de Pinus, mostrando una correlación negativa entre la dominancia y la riqueza de especies de árboles latifoliados diferentes de Quercus spp. Sin embargo, la asociación dominada por Pinus presentó un volumen y biomasa de fustes mayor comparado con las otras asociaciones. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los bosques dominados por doseles de encinos o pino-encino presentan la diversidad más alta, mientras bosques dominados por Pinus presentan menor diversidad arbórea por mayor biomasa aérea y almacenamiento de carbono. Por tal razón, se sugiere que estrategias de pagos por servicios ambientales como secuestro de carbono o conservación de la biodiversidad tomen en cuenta las diferencias de las asociaciones encontradas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[AbstractThe pine-oak forest is distributed from Central Mexico to the North of Nicaragua and represent an important ecosystem for conservation in Mesoamerica. In Nicaragua, several protected areas were established for the preservation of this ecosystem, such as the natural reserve Tisey-Estanzuela; however, this forest is considered susceptible to degradation, due to increasing deforestation and agricultural activities, besides being a narrow ecological niche (700 to 1 500 masl). We studied the floristic composition, forest structure and biomass along an altitude gradient dominated by Pinus-Quercus in forest stands on the highlands of Esteli, Northern Nicaragua. A vegetation survey on 15 plots (0.1 ha = 20x50 m) was carried out to identify patterns of tree density and diversity, and carbon stocks. In each plot, all the woody stems with diameter greater or equal to 2.5 cm were identified to species and the diameter at breast height and total height were measured. A total amount of 1 081 individuals of 24 species (17 families and 21 genera) were registered, being Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi, C. vicentina, M. coriacea and S. gladulosum the most abundant species representing 92 % of the individuals. Three forest associations were defined based on the abundance and dominance of Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi and the other species, two of those associations were dominated by Pinus (pine forest and pine-oak forest) at altitudes between 1 300 to 1 400 masl, while the third association, dominated by oak and other species (Cletha vicentina, Myrsine coriaceae and Sapium glandulosum), was found mainly at altitudes higher than 1 400 masl. Tree composition and species richness was influenced significantly by the dominance of Pinus, showing a negative correlation between the dominance and species richness of broadleaved trees other than Quercus spp. with the dominance of Pinus spp. (P &lt; 0.001). However, the association dominated by Pinus, presented higher stem volume and biomass compared with other associations. The results from this study suggest that stands with both, an oak- or oak-pine-dominated canopy, presented the highest diversity, while Pinus dominated stands presented lower tree diversity, but higher aerial biomass and carbon storage. For this reason, we suggest that the strategies for ecosystem service payments as carbon sequestration or biodiversity conservation, must take into account differences in the type of forest associations found in this work.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diversidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estructura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biomasa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[almacenamiento de carbono]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pinus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Quercus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ecorregión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[structure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest biomass]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[carbon stock]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pinus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Quercus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ecoregion]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Models of regional and local stand composition and dynamics of pine-oak forests in the Central Highlands of Chiapas (Mexico): theoretical and management implications]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
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<source><![CDATA[Biodiversity Loss and Conservation in Fragmented Forest Landscapes: The Forests of Montane Mexico and Temperate South America]]></source>
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