<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442015000600273</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v63i2.23162</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ciclo gametogénico del erizo marino Echinometra lucunter (Echinometra: Echinoidea) en el Noriente de Venezuela]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Gametogenic cycle of the rock boring urchin Echinometra lucunter (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in northeastern Venezuela]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Luján]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeny]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrieche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dwight]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata-Vívenes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wil]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lodeiros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Zulia Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados Facultad Experimental de Ciencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maracaibo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina y Ciencias Aplicadas Dra. Susan Tai ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDO Departamento de Biología Escuela de Ciencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cumaná ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cumaná ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral Centro Nacional de Acuicultura en Investigaciones Científicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<fpage>273</fpage>
<lpage>283</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600273&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600273&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600273&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El ciclo gametogénico y el índice gonadosomático (IG) del erizo negro Echinometra lucunter fue examinado entre junio de 2010 y noviembre de 2011 en el noreste de Venezuela (Isla de Lobos, Península de Araya y Ensenada de Turpialito, Golfo de Cariaco). Las gónadas están integradas por extensos acinos ramificados, recubiertos por tejido conectivo, seguido de una capa delgada de células que se diferencian en fagocitos nutritivos y gametos, los cuales cambian en sus proporciones y tamaños con los estadios de maduración. Generalmente, en ambas localidades se presentaron varios estadios de maduración, con desoves simultáneos. En Isla Lobos predominaron los individuos en estado de reserva con un corto período de madurez sexual, mientras que en la Ensenada de Turpialito predominaron organismos maduros y desovados. El IG sugiere que los desoves están asociados a las precipitaciones estacionales de la región; mostrando una estrategia reproductiva conservadora, acumulando reservas energéticas en el periodo de mayor producción primaria asociada a los periodos de surgencia costera, cuando la energía de los fagocitos nutritivos es transferida a los gametos hasta su maduración y expulsión al medio ambiente. Las características biológicas y reproductivas de los organismos en Turpialito mostraron elevados IG y mayor tejido gonadal para consumo comercial.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Several species of sea urchins are a potential resource for the production of gonads for consumption in Venezuela. We studied the gametogenic cycle and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the rock boring urchin Echinometra lucunter between June 2010 and November 2011 in northeastern Venezuela (Isla Lobos, Península de Araya and Turpialito, Gulf of Cariaco). The gonads are composed of long ramified acini, covered by connective tissue, followed by a thin layer of cells that differentiate into nutritive phagocytes and gametes, which change in their proportion and size with the maturity stage. Generally, several maturity stages were observed in both locations, showing simultaneous spawning. At Isla de Lobos the individuals in reserve stage predominated with a short period of sexual maturity, while mature and spawned individuals predominated in Turpialito. The GSI suggests that the greatest spawning activity is associated to the rainy season; showing a conservative reproductive activity, accruing energetic reserves during the period of higher primary productivity associated to coastal upwelling, when the energy of nutritive phagocytes is transferred to gametes, for gamete development and spawning. The biological and reproductive characteristics of individuals at Turpialito showed higher GSI having more gonadal tissue for commercial consumption. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 2): 273-283. Epub 2015 June 01.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índice gonadal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciclo gametogénico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fagocito nutritivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrategia reproductiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gonadal index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gametogenic cycle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutritive phagocyte]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reproductive strategy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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