<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442015000600261</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v63i2.23161</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Crecimiento y mejora del índice gonadal en el cultivo del erizo de mar Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoida: Echinidae) en Galicia (España)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Growth rate and gonadal index improvement in sea urchin culture Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoida: Echinidae)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rey-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tourón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Noelia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Belén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rama-Villar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nieves]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dorotea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Justa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catoira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular CIBUS]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Compostela Coruña]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Departamento de Biología Facultad Ciencias del Mar]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Cultivos Mariños-Centro de Investigacións Mariñas Consellería do Medio Rural e do Mar ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lugo ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Departamento Territorial de A Coruña Consellería do Medio Rural e do Mar ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coruña ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<fpage>261</fpage>
<lpage>272</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600261&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600261&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000600261&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La gran demanda de Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) en países como Francia, Italia, Turquía, Bélgica o Japón, ha elevado el nivel de extracción de este equinodermo en los últimos años que ha generado un desgaste en las poblaciones de erizos, los cuales tardan años en regenerarse. La importancia económica de P. lividus en Galicia, con una producción media anual de 700 000 kg y un valor cercano a los 2 millones de &#8364; en el año 2013, nos ha llevado a realizar diversas experiencias con el objetivo de analizar las posibilidades del cultivo en Galicia de esta especie en batea. Se han diseñado tres experiencias: 1) Efecto de cinco dietas y tres densidades sobre el crecimiento de juveniles de P. lividus obtenidos del medio natural; (2) Crecimiento de juveniles de P. lividus obtenidos en criadero, alimentados con algas, y 3) Efecto de diferentes dietas experimentales sobre el índice gonadal de P. lividus de tamaño comercial. Las experiencias se realizaron en una batea de la USC situada en la ría de Muros-Noia (Galicia), durante cuatro años (2007 - 2010), utilizando 2 231 erizos en total, procedentes del medio natural (450), de criadero (773) y de tamaño comercial (1 008), diseñándose diversas dietas experimentales que tratan de incrementar el crecimiento somático y gonadal de los erizos, con el fin de reducir el tiempo de crecimiento de los juveniles procedentes del medio natural y de criadero hasta que alcancen la talla comercial (55 mm de diámetro), o bien hasta que consigan un tamaño adecuado para repoblar las zonas sobreexplotadas del medio natural (20 mm de diámetro), así como el crecimiento de las gónadas de erizos comerciales con diferentes dietas. Mensualmente se tomó el diámetro de los erizos juveniles con el fin de determinar el efecto de las diferentes dietas y densidades sobre el crecimiento de los mismos, así como la determinación del índice gonadal (IG) en los erizos de tamaño comercial para ver el efecto de las diferentes dietas ensayadas. Con los datos obtenidos estimamos que, en la actualidad, no sería rentable alimentar erizos juveniles de P. lividus en batea hasta alcanzar la talla comercial, debido al bajo precio que tiene esta especie en el mercado (3&#8364; / kg aproximadamente), aunque sí sería interesante mantenerlos en cultivo en batea hasta que alcancen el tamaño óptimo para repoblar zonas donde las poblaciones naturales están mermadas, combinando esto con el engorde de gónadas con alguno de los piensos diseñados que aumenta el IG y amplía el tiempo de explotación comercial de los erizos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The high demand for Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) in countries like France, Italy, Turkey, Belgium and Japan, has raised the level of extraction of this echinoderm in recent years and has generated wear urchin populations, which take years to regenerate. The economic importance of P. lividus in Galicia, with an average annual production of 700&#8804;000 kg and a value close to &#8364; 2 million in 2013, has led us to perform a variety of experiences in order to analyze the possibilities of the culture of this species in Galicia in raft. We have designed three experiences: 1) Effect of five diets and three densities on the growth of juvenile P. lividus obtained from the natural environment; 2) Growth of juvenile P. lividus obtained from hatchery, fed algae, and 3) Effect of different experimental diets on gonadal index of P. lividus commercial size. The experiments were performed on a USC raft situated in the estuary of Muros-Noia (Galicia) for four years (2007 - 2010), using 2 231 total urchins, from the natural environment (450), hatchery (773) and market size (1 008), being designed various experimental diets that try to increase somatic and gonadal growth in sea urchins, in order to reduce the rise time of juveniles from the wild and hatchery until they reach the size commercial (55 mm diameter), or until they get a suitable size to repopulate overfished areas of the natural environment (20 mm diameter), and the growth of the gonads of sea urchins with different diets. Monthly has taken diameter of juvenile sea urchins in order to determine the effect of different diets on growth and densities of the same, as well as determining the gonadal index (GI) in sea urchins of commercial size to see the effect took different tested diets. With the data obtained estimates that, at present, it would be profitable to feed juvenile sea urchins P. lividus in raft to reach commercial size, due to the low price of this species in the market (3&#8364; / kg). Additonally they could reach optimum size and be used to repopulate areas where natural populations are depleted. This should be combined with the fattening of gonads and extended time of commercial exploitation. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 2): 261-272. Epub 2015 June 01.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivo de erizo de mar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paracentrotus lividus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crecimiento somático y gonadal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dietas experimentales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[repoblación de áreas sobreexplotadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sea urchin culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paracentrotus lividus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[somatic and gonadal growth]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[experimental diets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[repopu-lation of overexploited areas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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