<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442015000401213</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Heavy metal accumulation and biochemical evaluation of earthworms from sawmills in Abeokuta, South-Western Nigeria]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Acumulación de metales pesados y evaluación bioquímica de las lombrices de tierra de los aserraderos en Abeokuta, Sur-Occidente de Nigeria]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Julius A.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bamidele,]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adewunmi B.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Idowu,]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kehinde O.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ademolu,]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oluseyi A.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Akinloye,]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adeyemi A.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bamgbola,]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Agriculture Department of Pure and Applied Zoologyl ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Abeokuta]]></addr-line>
<country>NG</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Agriculture Department of Pure and Applied Zoologyl ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Abeokuta]]></addr-line>
<country>NG</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Agriculture Department of Pure and Applied Zoologyl; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Abeokuta]]></addr-line>
<country>NG</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Agriculture Biochemistry Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Abeokuta]]></addr-line>
<country>NG</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Agriculture Chemistry Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Abeokuta]]></addr-line>
<country>NG</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>1213</fpage>
<lpage>1221</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000401213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000401213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442015000401213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:Over the years, sawmilling industries have shown a high growth in the rain forest areas of Nigeria, releasing several wastes into the environment. This study aims at using earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae, Libyodrilus violaceous and Hyperiodrilus africanus) of sawmill origin as bio-indicators of metal pollution in sawmills. Four major sawmills located in Abeokuta (7°9'11"44" N - 3°19'35" E), namely Lafenwa, Sapon, Isale-Ake and Kotopo sawmills were used for this study. The arboretum of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta was used as control site. Earthworms, plant and soil samples were collected each month for three months (March to May, 2013), randomly from different points at each of the locations. Protein analysis was conducted on the earthworms using gel electrophoresis while the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were done spectrophotometrically. Heavy metal analysis was also conducted on soil, plant and earthworm samples using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Gel electro-phoresis results revealed the presence of nine protein bands in E. eugeniae from Sapon and Kotopo sawmills, as compared to six protein bands of E. eugeniae from the control site. Seven protein bands were observed in L. violaceous from Lafenwa and H. africanus from Isale-Ake sawmills. Levels of SOD, GPx and CAT activities were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in E. eugeniae from Sapon sawmill than those of Kotopo sawmill and the control site. This study also revealed that Pb and Cd concentrations were higher in the earthworms, plants and soil from the sawmills than those of the control site. Sapon sawmill recorded significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) levels of Cd and Cu in plants as well as Pb and Cd in soil samples than those of the other locations. The concentrations of Cu, Co and Ni were higher in the soil of the control site than in the sawmill soils. Stronger relationship exists in the metal concentrations between the earthworms and soils (R= 0.602) than between the plants and soil (R= 0.405). Sawmilling therefore posses potential risks on sawmill soil and soil fauna, especially earthworm species.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:A través de los años, la industria de aserraderos ha mostrado un alto crecimiento en las áreas de bosque tropical de Nigeria, lanzando varios residuos al ambiente. Este estudio tiene como objetivo utilizar lombrices (Eudrilus eugeniae, Libyodrilus violaceous y Hyperiodrilus africanus) de origen aserradero como bioindicadores de contaminación por metales en los aserraderos. Se utilizaron cuatro grandes aserraderos ubicados en Abeokuta (7°9'11"44" N - 3°19'35" E), a saber: Lafenwa, Sapon, Isale-Ake y Kotopo, para este estudio. El arboreto de la Universidad Federal de Agricultura, Abeo-kuta fue utilizado como sitio de control. Las lombrices de tierra, plantas y muestras de suelo se recogieron cada mes durante tres meses (marzo a mayo 2013), al azar en diferentes puntos en cada una de las localidades. El análisis de proteínas se llevó a cabo en las lombrices de tierra utilizando electroforesis en gel, mientras que las actividades de la superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT) y glutatión peroxidasa (GPx) se realizaron espectrofotométricamente. Análisis de metales pesados también se llevaron a cabo en muestras de suelo, plantas y lombrices de tierra utilizando espectrofotómetro de absorción atómica. Resultados de la electroforesis del gel reveló la presencia de nueve bandas de proteínas de E. eugeniae en los aserraderos de Sapon y Kotopo, en comparación con seis bandas de proteínas de E. eugeniae de el sitio control. Se observaron siete bandas de proteínas de L. violaceous de Lafenwa y H. africanus en los aserraderos Isale-Ake. Los niveles de SOD, GPx y actividades CAT fueron significativamente mayores (P &lt;0.05) en E. eugeniae del aserradero Sapon que las del aserradero Kotopo y el sitio control. El estudio también reveló que las concentraciones de Pb y Cd fueron mayores en las lombrices de tierra, plantas y el suelo de los aserraderos que los del sitio control. El aserradero Sapon mostró niveles significativamente mayores (P &lt;0.05) de Cd y Cu en las plantas, así como Pb y Cd en muestras de suelo que las de los otros lugares. Las concentraciones de Cu, Co y Ni fueron mayores en el suelo del sitio de control que en los suelos de los aserraderos. Existe relación más fuerte en las concentraciones de metales entre las lombrices de tierra y los suelos (R = 0.602) que entre las plantas y el suelo (R = 0.405). Por lo tanto, la actividad en los aserraderos posee riesgos potenciales en el suelo y su fauna, especialmente las especies de lombrices.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stress enzymes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bio-indicator]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heavy metals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sawmilling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[earthworms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enzimas de estrés]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bio-indicadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metales pesados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lombrices de tierra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aserradero]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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