<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0001-6002</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0001-6002</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0001-60022022000300004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cromosomopatías en pacientes con cáncer sometidos a radioterapia con cobalto 60]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Chromosomopathies in cancer patients undergoing cobalt 60 radiotherapy]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Barrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Mayorga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vanessa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Recinos-Pineda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marvin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malespín-Bendaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wendy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle-Bourrouet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud Sede Rodrigo Facio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud Sede Rodrigo Facio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Atómicas, Nucleares y Moleculares Sede Rodrigo Facio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital San Juan de Dios ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital San Juan de Dios ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Protección e Higiene de las Radiaciones  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social Hospital San Juan de Dios ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>4</fpage>
<lpage>12</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0001-60022022000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0001-60022022000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0001-60022022000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Objetivo: Describir las aberraciones citogenéticas que pueden ser observadas por medio de la técnica Giemsa en fluorescencia y encontradas en pacientes con cáncer antes y después de ser sometidos a tratamiento con radioterapia. Métodos: Se analizó un mínimo de 200 metafases en primera división mitótica antes y después del tratamiento de radioterapia en nueve pacientes que asistieron a la sección de radioterapia del Hospital San Juan de Dios Costa Rica. En cada caso se contabilizó cada tipo de cromosomopatía por medio de la prueba de Giemsa en fluorescencia y utilizando bromodeoxiuridina y naranja de acridina. Resultados: Las cromosomopatías producidas por radioterapia se observaron tanto antes como después del tratamiento sin embargo destacó el incremento en la frecuencia de los cromosomas dicéntricos y anillos céntricos una vez finalizada la terapia. La frecuencia de fracturas cromatídicas de asociaciones satelíticas y de alteraciones morfológicas no se ve afectada por la radioterapia. Uno de los participantes presentó un recuento mitótico bajo. Conclusión: La radioterapia aumenta significativamente la frecuencia de los cromosomas dicéntricos y dicéntricos más anillos en la muestra en estudio. Este trabajo es relevante por ser el primer estudio en Costa Rica en el que se analizan los cromosomas dicéntricos como biomarcadores de exposición a radiaciones ionizantes mediante la prueba de Giemsa en fluorescencia y utilizando bromodeoxiuridina y naranja de acridina.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to describe the before and after cytogenetic aberrations found in current patients of radiotherapy. This can be observed through the technique called "Giemsa in fluorescence" Methods: A minimum of 200 metaphases were analyzed in the first mitotic division in 9 patients. The patients where observed before and after radiotherapy treatment at the San Juan de Dios Hospital in Costa Rica. In each case any type of chromosomopathy was counted using the "Giemsa in fluorescence" test as well as Bromodeoxyuridine and acridine orange. Results: The chromosomopathies are observed before and after treatment with radiotherapy. The treatment seems to change the frecuency increasing the dicentric chromosomes and centric rings after the treatment. The frequency of chromatid fractures satellite associations and morphological alterations were not affected by radiotherapy. Conclusion: The chromosomopathies produced by radiotherapy were observed both before and after treatment with variations in their frequency. After radiotherapy dicentric chromosomes and dicentric chromosomes plus rings frequencies increased significantly. A low mitotic count was present this could have been the result of radiation on the bone marrow or by the cell repair and apoptosis system. The standardized " Fluorescence Plus Giemsa" test using Bromodesoxyuridine and acridine orange was used for the fiesta time in Costa Reica. This allowed for the measurement of radiation exposure used in the treatment or detection of diseases and cancer in pacients.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Radioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cromosomopatía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Giemsa en flourescencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[irradiación.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Radiotherapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chromosomopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fluorescense plus Giemsa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[irradiation.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puerta-Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Aramburo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efectos biológicos de las radiaciones ionizantes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>61-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PiotrowskiI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kulcenty K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suchorska W]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Skroba&#322;a A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skórska M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kruszyna-Mochalska M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carcinogenesis induced by low-dose radiation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiol Oncol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<page-range>369-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raghavan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[DNA double-strand break repair in mammals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Radiat Cancer Res]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>93-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manivannan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuppusamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venkatesan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perumal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of estimates of doses to radiotherapy patients obtained with the dicentric chromosome analysis and the &#947;-H2AX assay: Relevance to radiation triage]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Radiat Isot]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sáenz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dosimetría biológica: principios y utilidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiobiol]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>186-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Response of normal cells following multiple radiation exposure under radiotherapy setting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Def Life Sci J]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>335-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gershkevitsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hildebrant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamprad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Realo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromosomal aberration in peripheral lymphocytes and doses to the active bone marrow in radiotherapy of prostate cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Strahlenther Onkol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>178</volume>
<page-range>36-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antoine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leonard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wambersie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromosome aberrations induced in patients treated with telecobalt therapy for mammary carcinoma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiat Res]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<page-range>171-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsubara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horiuchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okuyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shibuya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromosome aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes induced by brachytherapy and external cobalt teletherapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>1085-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rademaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hildebrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arthur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ringrose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of chromosomal aberrations induced by in vivo radiotherapy in human sperm and lymphocytes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res Lett]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<page-range>21-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guedeney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duranton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doloy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magdelenat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotoxic effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on the circulating lymphocytes of breast cancer patients. I. Chromosome aberrations induced in vivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>242</volume>
<page-range>17-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tawn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitehouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sequential chromosome aberration analysis following radiotherapy - no evidence for enhanced genomic instability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>465</volume>
<page-range>45-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromosomal aberrations, DNA strand breaks and gene mutations in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>504</volume>
<page-range>85-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chebotarev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celezneva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blastonova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modificatzii medito acraskicestrinskichromatid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bull Exp Biol Med]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>242-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainsbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakhanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barquinero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chumak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correcher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review of retrospective dosimetry techniques for external ionising radiation exposures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiat Prot Dosim]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<page-range>573-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhargava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients prior to radiotherapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer Genet Cytogenet]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>86-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venkatachalam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohankumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prabhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gajendiran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kathiresan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Higher frequency of dicentrics and micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>425</volume>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Limbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[No evidence of increased chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in lymphocytes from nonfamilial thyroid cancer patients prior to radiotherapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer Genet Cytogenet]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<page-range>55-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cowan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abnormal radiosensitivity of lymphocytes from breast cancer patients with excessive normal tissue damage after radiotherapy: chromosome aberrations after low dose-rate irradiation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Radiat Biol]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>519-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofman-Hüther]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kühnle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rave-Fränk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmidberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spontaneous and radiation-induced chromosomal instability and persistence of chromosome aberrations after radiotherapy in lymphocytes from prostate cancer patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiat Environ Biophys]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>27-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Volio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indicadores citogenéticos para la identificación de exposición a radiación ionizante en humanos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>110-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roch-Lefevre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pouzoulet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voisin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaurijoux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cytogenetic assessment of heterogeneous radiation doses in cancer patients treated with fractionated radiotherapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Radiol Suppl]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<page-range>759-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Amili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdul-Kareem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muttar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shatha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromosomal aberrations and gene expression study in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iraqi J Biotechnol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>277-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DePhino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Connecting chromosomes, crisis, and cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>297</volume>
<page-range>565-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tinwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic toxicity and potential carcinogenicity of taxol]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Carcinog]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>1499-501</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellagamba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dihl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HHR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spanó]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mutagenic evaluation of combined paclitaxel and cisplatin treatment in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>696</volume>
<page-range>139-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alidema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alidema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Effects of chemotherapy and value of microscopic changes in lymphocytes of circulating blood on patients with oral cancer treated with chemotherapy]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lipjan, Kosovo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mañas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiassa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudios de genotoxicidad en trabajadores rurales y familias]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Investig Bioméd]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>228-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuenca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aberraciones cromosómicas en trabajadoras expuestas a plaguicidas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Biol Trop]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>623-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rondón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinación de anomalías cromosómicas y secuencias de ADN amplificadas en cáncer de mama]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cienc Salu]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>7-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilban-Jakopin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotoxic effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on circulating lymphocytes in patients with Hodgkin's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>497</volume>
<page-range>81-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murga-Valdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Luján]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Deza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez- Reyna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efecto genotóxico de la glibenclamida, metformina y terapia combinada en línea celular de ovario de hámster]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CIMEL]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>47-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senaratne SG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pirianov G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mansi JL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arnett]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Colston KW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bisphosphonates induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Cancer]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<page-range>1459</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pankaj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhumika]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Frecuencia of satellite associations of acrocentric chromosomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients after 5-FU and cisplatin treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Internal J Mol Med Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aydemir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilalo&#287;lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotoxicity of two anticancer drugs, gemcitabine and topotecan, in mouse bone marrow in vivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>537</volume>
<page-range>43-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dumanski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lambert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giedraitis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grenier-Boley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood is associated with Alzheimer disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Hum Genet]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<page-range>1208-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mosaic loss of human Y chromosome: what, how and why]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hum Genet]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>421-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
