<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0001-6002</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0001-6002</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0001-60022020000400166</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación entre el tiempo de circulación extracorpórea y el pinzamiento aórtico con diferentes variables de evolución postquirúrgicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship between cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross clamping time with different variables of post-surgical evolution]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Boniche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solano-Arce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeledón-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado-Arce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Induni-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Aldeano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dam-Arce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón-Bolívar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Zamora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital México Servicio Cirugía Tórax y Cardiovascular, ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Nacional de Niños Servicio Cirugía Cardiovascular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>166</fpage>
<lpage>173</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0001-60022020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0001-60022020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0001-60022020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Justificación:  La mayor cantidad de cirugías cardiacas realizadas a nivel mundial se efectúa con circulación extracorpórea y pinzamiento de la aorta, lo que conlleva una serie de alteraciones fisiopatológicas que deben ser reconocidas por el personal de salud que participa en la atención de estos pacientes.  Objetivo: Describir el perfil y los factores de riesgo presentes en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardiaca con circulación extracorpórea, y analizar la existencia de una potencial relación entre el tiempo de circulación extracorpórea y el pinzamiento aórtico, con la aplicación de desfibrilaciones tras al pinzado de la aorta, la necesidad de soporte cardiovascular farmacológico, el comportamiento del nivel de lactato plasmático y la mortalidad.  Métodos:  Se desarrolló un estudio observacional y descriptivo con una muestra de 104 pacientes electivos, sometidos a intervención quirúrgica y circulación extracorpórea, en el Hospital México, desde octubre de 2016 a noviembre de 2017. Se caracterizó la población en estudio, se analizaron los factores de riesgo incluido el EuroSCORE I y II, el tiempo de circulación extracorpórea, el tiempo de pinzamiento aórtico, las desfibrilaciones posteriores al pinzamiento aórtico, e lactato inmediatamente postcirculación extracorpórea, y a las 2, 6, 24 h postquirúrgicas, el uso de soporte cardiovascular farmacológico en infusión continua posterior a la circulación extracorpórea y mortalidad a los 30 días.  Resultados:  La edad media fue 56,4 años, predominó el sexo masculino (69 %) y la hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo más frecuente (76,07 %). Se registró un tiempo de pinzado aórtico menor a 100 min en 61 pacientes (58,65 %) y superior a ese tiempo en 43 pacientes (41,35 %). El EuroSCORE I promedio fue del 4,21 % (DE: 4,80), mientras que el EuroSCORE II fue del 2,37 % (DE: 2,41). El tiempo promedio de circulación extracorpórea fue de 129 minutos (DE: 36,88) y el de pinzado aórtico, de 94 minutos (DE:32,04). Hubo un pico de lactato a las 6 horas postquirúrgicas (5,13 mmol/L, DE:2,89); un 8,65 % de los pacientes fueron desfibrilados después del retiro de la pinza en la aorta; se utilizó soporte cardiovascular en el 16,35 % y la mortalidad quirúrgica fue del 1,92 %.  Conclusiones:  En el estudio, el tiempo de circulación extracorpórea y el pinzado aórtico junto con el uso de inotrópicos, vasoconstrictores, hiperlactatemia y mortalidad quirúrgica, no alcanzó una relación significativa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Justification:  Currently, the largest number of cardiac surgeries performed worldwide are performed with cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp, which leads to a series of pathophysiological alterations that are important for health personnel involved in the care of these patients.  Objective:  To describe the profile and risk factors present in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and the existence of a potential relationship between the cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross clamping time, with the use of post clamp defibrillations, pharmacological cardiovascular support, plasma lactate behavior and mortality.  Methods:  An observational and descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 104 elective patients, undergoing surgical intervention and cardiopulmonary bypass at Hospital México, from October 2016 to November 2017. The study population was characterized, risk factors were analyzed including EuroSCORE I and II, CPB time, aortic cross clamping time, post-aortic clamping defibrillation, lactate immediately after extracorporeal circulation and at 2, 6, 24 hours postoperatively, use of pharmacological cardiovascular support in continuous infusion after extracorporeal circulation and mortality at 30 days.  Results:  The mean age was 56.4 years, the male sex predominated (69%) and arterial hypertension was the most frequent risk factor (76.07%). Aortic cross clamp time of less than 100 min was recorded in 61 patients (58.65%) and greater than that time in 43 patients (41.35%). The average EuroSCORE I was 4.21% (SD: 4.80), while the EuroSCORE II was 2.37% (SD: 2.41). The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was 129 minutes (SD: 36.88) and aortic cross clamp time was 94 minutes (SD: 32.04). There was a lactate peak at 6 postoperative hours (5.13 mmol/L, SD: 2.89); 8.65% of patients were defibrillated after removal the clamp in the aorta; pharmacological cardiovascular support was used in 16.35% and surgical mortality was 1.92%.  Conclusions:  In this study, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross clamp time together with the use of inotropics, vasoconstrictors, hyperlactatemia and surgical mortality did not reach a significant relationship.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hiperlactatemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vasoconstrictores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[circulación extracorpórea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cardioversión eléctrica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[paro cardiaco inducido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hyperlactatemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inotropes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vasoconstrictors agents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cardiopulmonary bypass]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cardiac electroversion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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