<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0001-6002</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0001-6002</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0001-60022018000400167</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Experiencia de una década en niños sometidos a esplenectomía en el Hospital Nacional de Niños]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Experience on children&#8217;s splenectomy: a ten year single center retrospective study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araya Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Yéssika]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quirós Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital San Carlos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Nacional de Niños &#8220;Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital &#8220;Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>167</fpage>
<lpage>171</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  Describir las características clínicas y la evolución de los pacientes sometidos a esplenectomía en el Hospital Nacional de Niños, de enero de 1996 a diciembre del 2006.  Métodos:  Este es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que analiza un periodo de 10 años, de pacientes sometidos a esplenectomías en el Hospital Nacional se Niños. Se realizó una revisión de 107 expedientes con el diagnóstico en cuestión. De estos expedientes se obtuvieron: datos clínicos, epidemiológicos, indicaciones para el procedimiento y su respectiva evolución, complicaciones y mortalidad asociada. Se analiza además el seguimiento de las recomendaciones con respecto a profilaxis antibiótica y vacunación.  Resultados:  Se analizó una muestra total de 107 casos. Entre los resultados se encontró que la edad promedio de intervención fue de 6,4 años. Los diagnósticos más comunes fueron hemoglobinopatías (59,8 %), púrpura trombocitopénica idiopática (16,8 %) y osteopetrosis maligna (8,4 %). Entre las indicaciones para esplenectomías predominaron el tratamiento de enfermedad de base (39,9%), hiperesplenismo (26,2 %) y ausencia de respuesta al tratamiento médico (22,4 %). El procedimiento quirúrgico más común fue la laparotomía en el 87,9 % de los casos. La complicación quirúrgica inmediata más frecuente fue la hemorragia persistente (3,7 %), mientras que la complicación quirúrgica tardía más común fue la sepsis (16,8 %). La respuesta terapéutica en la mayoría de los pacientes fue completa (66,7 %). Hubo 5 pacientes fallecidos, de los cuales en dos se relacionó su mortalidad con sepsis. La edad promedio al momento de fallecimiento fue de 6,7 años.  Conclusiones:  La esplenectomía es una alternativa para el tratamiento de las enfermedades médicas, tras la cual se evidenció una respuesta satisfactoria en la mayoría de los casos del estudio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Aim:  To describe clinical characteristics and evolution of patients who underwent splenectomy in Costa Rica&#8217;s National Children&#8217;s Hospital during January 1996 through December 2006.  Methods:  This is a chart review study in a 10 year period including children who underwent splenectomy. A hundred and seven charts of children with ages between 0 and 18 years old were reviewed to obtain their clinical presentation, characteristics, indications for splenectomy, follow up, complications and mortality. Also the antibiotic prophylaxis and immunization schedule was analyzed based on international recommendations.  Results:  A total of 107 patients were included. Results showed that the mean age at which splenectomy was performed was 6.4 years. Most of the patients had their splenectomy due to hemoglobinophaties (59.8%), followed by immune thrombocytopenic purpura (16.8%) and malignant osteopetrosis (8.4%). The most common indications for splenectomy were treatment of the disease (39.9%), hyperesplenism (26.2%) and lack of responde to medical treatment (22.4%). Laparotomy was the most performed surgery (87.9%). Mainly sepsis and hemorrhage were found as complications due to procedure. Overall, complete response to surgical treatment was observed (66.7%). Five patients died during follow up.  Conclusions:  Splenectomy is an alternative for treating medical disease with predominantly good outcomes observed in our study.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esplenectomías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[complicaciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[profilaxis antibiótica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vacunación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pediatría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Latinoamérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Centroamérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[splenectomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[complications]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic profilaxis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inmunization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Centralmerica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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