<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0001-6002</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0001-6002</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0001-60022018000100035</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia al nacimiento de gastrosquisis y onfalocele en Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence of gastroschisis and omphalocele in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barboza-Argüello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María de la Paz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benavides-Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud Unidad de Enfermedades Congénitas Centro de Registro de Enfermedades]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>35</fpage>
<lpage>41</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0001-60022018000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Justificación:  En varios países se ha documentado un aumento de los defectos congénitos de pared abdominal, principalmente gastrosquisis. El objetivo es conocer la tendencia por edad materna de gastrosquisis y onfaloce en Costa Rica, durante 1996-2014.  Métodos:  Utilizando la base de datos del sistema nacional de vigilancia de defectos congénitos, se calcularon tasas de defectos congénitos de pared abdominal por edad materna (menores de 20, 20-34, 35 años o más), y período (1996-2002, 2003-2008 y 2009-2014) con sus respectivos IC 95%. Se realizó una regresión de Poisson, tomando como base el grupo 20-34 años y el período 1996-2002 y se compararon estimados mediante chi cuadrado de Wald. Se evaluó el impacto de la EM mediante fracción atribuible poblacional y se calcularon tasas de fecundidad y distribución proporcional de los nacimientos de acuerdo a esta variable.  Resultados:  La prevalencia de defectos congénitos de pared abdominal aumentó de 0,76 (IC95% 0,15-1,36) por 10 000 nacimientos en 1996 a 3,48 (IC95% 2,12-4,85) en el 2014. El riesgo relativo para gastrosquisis fue 3,76 (2,95-4,79) en madres menores de 20 años y la fracción atribuible poblacional 36,2%. El riesgo relativo para onfalocele fue 2,09 (1,22-3,59) en madres mayores de 35 años y la fracción atribuible poblacional 8,9%. Se documentó una disminución proporcional de los nacimientos y la tasa de fecundidad en madres menores de 20 y mayores de 35.  Conclusión:  La prevalencia de defectos congénitos de pared abdominal ha aumentado significativamente a través del tiempo. El aumento de gastrosquisis en las madres menores de 20 años fue mayor, a pesar que los nacimientos han disminuido en este grupo de edad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  In several countries, an increase in abdominal wall defects, mainly gastroschisis, has been documented. The objective is to know the trend of gastroschisis and omphaloce by maternal age in Costa Rica, between 1996 and 2014.  Methods:  using the database of the national congenital defects surveillance system, congenital abdominal wall defects rates were calculated by maternal age (under 20, 20-34, 35 years or more), and period (1996-2002, 2003-2008 and 2009-2014) with their respective 95% CI. A Poisson regression was carried out, taking as a base the group 20-34 years and the period 1996-2002, and were compared estimated by Wald&#8217;s chi-square. The impact of MS was evaluated by population attributable fraction and fertility and proportional distribution of births were calculated according to this variable.  Results:  abdominal wall defects prevalence increased from 0.76 (95% CI 0.15-1.36) per 10,000 births in 1996 to 3.48 (95% CI 2.12-4.85) in 2014. Relative risk for gastroschisis was 3.76 (2.95- 4.79) in mothers younger than 20 years and the population attributable fraction 36.2%. The relative risk for omphalocele was 2.09 (1.22-3.59) in mothers older than 35 years and population attributable fraction 8.9%. There was a decrease in the proportional distribution of births and the fertility rate in mothers under 20 and over 35.  Conclusion:  the prevalence of congenital abdominal wall defects has increased significantly over time. The increase in gastroschisis in mothers under 20 years was greater, despite the fact that births have decreased in this age group.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gastrosquisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[onfalocele]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gastroschisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[omphalocele]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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