(Introduccion):

By decades, crude oil in emulsion with formation waters flowed from petroleum environmental liability on shores of Titicaca lake.

(Objective):

Before it was raised to estimate the land surface affected and degraded by said polluting source and determine its effect on the flora and vegetation in Ahuallani, Puno-Peru.

(Methodology):

Area was delimited by Landsat images, differentiating areas of greater or lesser impact using QGis software, georeferencing later the edges of the area in situ; flora and vegetation were evaluated with 1 m2 quadrants distributed randomly, data were analyzed using diversity indices and the Kruskall Wallis test according to homogeneous zones.

(Results):

Total affected area reached 96.54 ha, of which 94.8 ha (98.2 %) formed a dispersal zone (ZD) of the contaminating fluid, where a degraded surface of 29.7 ha was distinguished with absence absolute of vegetation and another halophytes area of 65.1 ha. Also differentiates a surrounding area the hole from which the crude oil gushed out (ZP) and a channel area (ZC) through which it flowed to ZD, both conformed 1.8 % of the affected area. Floristic diversity greater showed ZP with 22 species, the halophyte area only presented three: Density was statistically similar with 30.33 plants/m2 for ZP, 20.33 plants/m2 for ZC and 13.67 plants/m2 for the halophyte area. Likewise, for ZP the H '= 0.90 ± 0.33a and the D = 0.72 ± 0.13, for ZC the H' = 0.90 ± 0.33a and the D = 0.67 ± 0.15, finally for ZD the H '= 0.16 ± 0.11b and the D = 0.49 ± 0.10, according to J 'ZP and ZD (19.35 % similarity), and the vegetation density ZD = 30.33, ZC = 20.33 and ZD = 13.67.

(Conclusions):

Highlighting in it natural abundance of Sarcocornia pulvinata, with potential value to implement phytoremediation strategies in the locality.