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Revista de Ciencias Ambientales
versão On-line ISSN 2215-3896versão impressa ISSN 1409-2158
Resumo
MONTENEGRO, Johnny. Effect of Different Nitrogen Sources on the Emission of Nitrous Oxide in Coffee Plantations in Costa Rica. Ciencias Ambientales [online]. 2020, vol.54, n.2, pp.111-130. ISSN 2215-3896. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rca.54-2.6.
(Introduction): Agricultural production systems emit greenhouse gases from the application of nitrogen to increase production. (Objective): To quantify and compare the emission of N2O resulting from the application of different nitrogen sources (ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), calcium nitrate (CaNO3), conventional urea (CO(NH2)2), and polymer-coated urea (RP). (Methodology): 250 kg of nitrogen ha-1 year-1 was applied to coffee plantations located in two different producing areas of Costa Rica. Gaseous samples were collected during a whole agricultural year using the static camera technique. A completely random block design with a split-plot arrangement was implemented. (Results): The emission pattern showed that, in Naranjo, the largest events were determined after the fertilization carried out in June; the emission in that community was higher (P<0.0005) than the one determined in San Marcos of Tarrazú. The annual emission in Naranjo was higher with ammonium nitrate, and the lowest (P<0.05) with conventional urea; while in San Marcos de Tarrazú, there were no significant differences between nitrogen sources. Soil moisture, expressed as water-filled porous space, had no significant effects on the emission because, on average, it was less than 60 %. (Conclusions): The emission factors determined were lower than that suggested by the IPCC, and were in the range of 0.25% to 0.40% of the applied nitrogen. The importance of conducting this type of research is demonstrated to determine the GHG emission, according to the soil and climatic conditions in which the tropical agricultural activities are developed.
Palavras-chave : Climate change; greenhouse gases; nitrogen fertilization; tropical crops; tropic.
