Resumo

MURILLO-GAMBOA, Olman; BADILLA-VALVERDE, Yorleny  e  BARBOZA-FLORES, Sonia. Production costs in greenhouse conditions of clones for reforestation. Kurú [online]. 2018, vol.15, n.37, pp.15-24. ISSN 2215-2504.  http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/rfmk.v15i37.3599.

In this research was constructed a broad costs model for the estimation of inbred clonal plants production under greenhouse conditions. The model manages to include items never considered like genetic material value, infrastructure (greenhouse), security, infrastructure maintenance, investment costs, land rental, and in general, a rigorous inclusion of fixed costs. As part of the model, there is also incorporated the royalty payment to Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, for each single plant produced under the brand GENFORES, as part of a spin off development. This has enabled the construction of a very robust, realistic and integral costs model that will allow a deeper discussion about real costs of reforestation plants. The production costs for a single cloned plant are ¢ 255 or US $ 0.44, at an exchange rate of 1 $ = ¢ 572, where ¢ 124.4 are variable costs and ¢ 130.6 (51 %) fixed costs as well. Labor costs represents a 40 % of the variable costs, meanwhile security and debt payments explain around 38 % of fixed costs. Minicuttings costs production was estimated to be ¢ 166 (US $ 0.29). From this value ¢ 50 are variable costs and ¢ 116 (70 %) are fixed costs. Labor costs represents 76 % of production costs and represent the principal costs trigger in the whole model of plant production for reforestation. Its management and reduction options will undoubtedly be the main challenge in order to achieve a successful production and commercialization of cloned plants.

Palavras-chave : Economy; clonal forestry; greenhouse; nursery; breeding; Costa Rica.

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