Abstract

ROJAS VALENCIANO, Ligia Patricia; ESCOBAR FONSECA, Henry; CARDENAS SANCHEZ, Pilar  and  GONZALEZ BERMUDEZ, Jennifer. Generalities regarding varicose veins in lower limbs and their treatment during pregnancy: a narrative review. Enfermería Actual de Costa Rica [online]. 2018, n.35, pp.144-158. ISSN 1409-4568.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i35.32824.

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The varicose disease is a common problem that affects a large part of the world population in greater percentage of women, added to its condition the presence of pregnancy. This narrative review has the objective of knowing the available scientific evidence on diagnostic aspects, risk factors and conservative or invasive intervention including surgery of varicose veins in lower limbs in pregnant women. The bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library and EBSCO Host databases between 2009 and 2017. Fifty bibliographical references were retrieved and six documents were selected for analysis. Regarding the diagnosis is carried out through observation, direct examination, clinical history, more specific examinations such as Doppler. The most common symptom presented is a pain in the lower limbs, oedema, heaviness, pruritus and cramps. The intervention for the treatment of pregnant women is conservative therapy, only in exceptional cases will be determined another type of treatment. Education plays a very important role in the safety of the mother and the fetus. The approach to these women must be given by a team of health professionals. It is concluded that there are controversies regarding the pathogenesis of this morbidity during pregnancy and, therefore, no treatments other than those recommended since year 50 are offered, so there is a great need to carry out robust studies that show which are the best new prophylactic measures and treatment from the beginning of pregnancy, in addition to promoting the prevention of subsequent appearance, in such a way that the health of the woman and consequently that of her baby is ensured.

Keywords : pregnancy; varicose-vein treatment; varicose veins.

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