Resumen

GUEVARA FRANCESA, Giancarlo; NAVARRO MORA, Monserrat  y  GONZALEZ LUNA, Jennyffer. Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in the Pavas Health Area, Costa Rica. Enfermería Actual de Costa Rica [online]. 2018, n.35, pp.85-102. ISSN 1409-4568.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i35.32174.

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The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with the appearance of tuberculosis in Rincón Grande, Pavas. This is a quantitative investigation carried out in two phases: the first corresponded to a description of the cases of tuberculosis in the entire study area and the second, to a case-control study with the population of Rincón Grande. In both phases, the totality of registered cases of pulmonary tuberculosis between 2010 and 2016 was used. The source of data was the Integrated Health Information System and the case record book. The selection of controls was simple random, with the total of respiratory symptoms and the ELISA report. Among the results it is noted that the incidence in Pavas (period 2010-2016), ranged between 10.2 and 22.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. 70,4% of the cases were between 20 and 64 years of age, 59,0% corresponded to men; 29,6%, to foreigners. 18,8% had a history of drug use and 51,1% had studies with primary or lower education. The associated factors are critical overcrowding, sex (OR = 1.9, CI = 0.1-3.6), co-infection with HIV (OR = 9.7, CI = 2.3-39.6) and nutritional status. Men present 1.9 times more the possibility of developing tuberculosis and people with HIV present 9.7 times that possibility. It is concluded that HIV seropositivity, crowded conditions, malnutrition and male sex are risk factors for the incidence of tuberculosis in Rincón Grande.

Palabras clave : Epidemiology; Risk-factors; Tuberculosis.

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