Resumen

ULATE RETANA, Andrés  y  IBARGUEN JUSTE, Bibiana. Enfermedad cardíaca inducida por radiación: Implicaciones prácticas en su prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Rev. costarric. cardiol [online]. 2021, vol.23, n.1, pp.12-20. ISSN 1409-4142.

Radiation-Induced Heart Disease:

Practical Implications for Its Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

The radiotherapy represents a very useful therapeutic tool for the treatment of different types of cancer. When it is used to treat thoracic lesions there is a risk of appliying a determined radiation dose to the heart and consequently develop cardiac complications. The adverse effects can be seen in distinct heart components and the manifestations can be appreciated mainly in the long term. Through an integral evaluation of the cardiovascular risk, the identification of concomitant therapies with cardiotoxic potential, the application of heart sparing radiotherapy techniques and the control with cardiac tests, it is intended to optimize the oncologic and cardiovascular outcomes of the patients. In those patients who present with cardiac complications, there are several therapeutic options ranging from chirurgic to percutaneous, which are challenging given the complexity of the cases. Finally, there are different considerations in regard to the management of patients with electronically implantable cardiaca devices.

Search strategy: A search was carried out in Pubmed for articles under the criteria of radiotherapy and heart, with a time interval of the last 5 years until August 2020, written in English. In addition, cross-references were searched and consensus documents from international cardiology societies were included.

Palabras clave : cardiotoxicity; radiotherapy; radiation induced heart disease; prevention; diagnosis; treatment.

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