Abstract

ARAYA RAMIREZ, Felipe; BLANCO ROMERO, Luis  and  SALAS CABRERA, Jorge. Efecto de dos protocolos de ejercicio físico en parámetros antropométricos y fisiológicos en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria. Rev. costarric. cardiol [online]. 2011, vol.13, n.2, pp.21-25. ISSN 1409-4142.

Introduction. Exercise is an essential component in cardiac rehabilitation and for secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart disease. There are several physiological exercise-related benefits from participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program that help to improve health and quality of life.   Objective. The main purpose of the study was to compare two phase-II cardiac rehabilitation protocols. One protocol followed the guidelines of the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR), and the second protocol followed a traditionally nonmonitored exercise training (TNET) program.   Methodology. This was an experimental study with a repetitive measurement design, in patients referred for cardiac rehabilitation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: one followed the AARCP protocol and the second group followed the TNET program. Anthropometric variables such as height, body weight and body fat, were measured and body mass index was calculated. Physiological variables such as resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, flexibility and peak oxygen consumption were also assessed. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were measured as biochemical variables before and after the 12 weeks of exercise training.   Results: Thirty five patients were divided into two groups. The AACVPR group (n=18) and the TNET group (n=17). The AACVPR group showed significantly better results (p<0.05) in decreasing body weight, body fat and resting heart rate, and in improving flexibility than did the TNET group. Both protocols showed similar results for blood pressure and peak oxygen consumption. There was no significant change in any of the biochemical variables in either group after exercise training. Conclusion: The AACVPR cardiac rehabilitation protocol showed superior results in anthropometric and physiological variables as compared to the TNET cardiac rehabilitation protocol

Keywords : cardiac rehabilitation; exercise protocol; body composition; biochemical profile.

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