Resumen

MARTINEZ-ORTIZ, José A. Efecto de la actividad física en la reducción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular mediante el control del peso corporal. Rev. costarric. cardiol [online]. 2007, vol.9, n.3, pp.17-22. ISSN 1409-4142.

The effect of physical activity over cardiovascular risk reduction by means of weight control Obesity is a complex ailment that has reached worldwide epidemic proportions and plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular disease. In 2005, 40.5%of US adults were physically inactive (sedentary),a year before the prevalence of obesity in the same population was 32.11% (a 37.8% increase in a decade). There are only few published papers on the effect of physical activity (PA) on the initial weight loss and its maintenance after at least 1 year. The evidence indicates that the effect of energy spent through PA, increases weight loss, improves the maintenance of the weight lost after a period of at least 2 years, decreases the lean mass lost as a consequence of weight loss intervention, improves the control of energy intake and does not affect the short term compensatory increase in energy intake. Successful weight loss and weight loss maintenance programs include an increase in PA. It is necessary to conduct weight loss and weight loss maintenance randomized controlled trials which include increases in PA before, during and after restriction of energy intake, and all combinations in order to determine the contribution of each individual effect.

Palabras clave : Obesity; overweight; physical activity; weight loss; body weight.

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