Objective:

To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients screened at the Center for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer (CDTCG) at the Max Peralta Hospital in Cartago.

Methods:

This is a two-stage study: historical longitudinal descriptive and a case-control study. All patients screened between 1996 and 2015 in the CDTCG were included. Descriptive statistics were calculated and risk factors were estimated through non-conditional logistic regression.

Results:

33020 patients were screened, with a male ratio of 0.58 and an average age of 54 years. From this population, 2.73% were diagnosed with gastric cancer. Several antecedents and symptoms were determined as risk factors: age over 65 years (OR = 3.33; 95% CI: 1.60-6.91), vomiting (OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.49-4.13), loss of appetite (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.58-3.25) , stomach pain (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.27-2.58), history of smoking (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 0.93-2.13) and antecedents of another type of cancer (OR = 3.46; 95% CI: 1.75- 6.83). Moreover, protective factors were: female (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.32-0.65), gastric burning (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.40-0.80) and a personal history of heart disease (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24-0.83).

Conclusion:

Factors associated with gastric cancer in the population attended by CDTCG agreed with those reported in the literature. Knowing them and their magnitude are crucial in early detection and screening for primary health care. Future investigations regarding how these factors affect the survival in the patients treated by this pathology should be carried out.

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