Resumen

LAZO-PAEZ, Gustavo. Vaccination in patients exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Acta pediátr. costarric [online]. 2008, vol.20, n.2, pp.92-96. ISSN 1409-0090.

The current recommendations for vaccination of pediatric HIV- exposed patients are not very different from the general population. In general terms, we must avoid the exposure of this group to the BCG vaccine, in countries were tuberculosis incidence is low. We also should avoid the exposure to oral polio vaccine; witch is contraindicated not only in the HIV- exposed patient but also in his family members, given the risk of paralytic polio in these children. The measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, as well as the varicella vaccine are indicated for every child exposed to HIV that has CD4 + cells level over 15%. Most of the inactivated vaccines are effective in HIV-infected patients, but for most of theses vaccines, lower antibody levels have been reported, compared to those obtained in people not infected by HIV; so we suggest you to consider additional doses in patients with immune reconstitution while using highly effective antiretroviral therapy. There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine administration of rotavirus and human papillomavirus vaccines. The yellow fever vaccine is safe but ineffective in children infected with HIV.

Palabras clave : Vaccines; children; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; vaccination; AIDS; immunosuppression.

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