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Medicina Legal de Costa Rica
On-line version ISSN 2215-5287Print version ISSN 1409-0015
Abstract
BUCKCANAN VARGAS, Aldair; FONSECA ARTAVIA, Karen and MORA LOPEZ, Fernando. Horner´s Syndrome: literature review. Med. leg. Costa Rica [online]. 2020, vol.37, n.1, pp.138-145. ISSN 2215-5287.
Horner Syndrome is a condition caused by a heterogeneous group of pathologies. These have in common the damage of the sympathetic pathway. The most common location of the lesion is at the preganglional level, due to trauma or surgeries in the cervical, thoracic or pulmonary apex region. The diagnosis is primarily clinical by identifying the triad of myosis, ptosis and anhidrosis. It is confirmed with the cocaine and hydroxymethamphetamine tests. Treatment is first carried out with pharmacological agents. Those with diminished visual field due to ptosis or cosmetic reasons are undergoing surgical treatment. In this case, the recommended operative approaches for mild ptosis are the Fasanella-Servat procedure, the elevator aponeurosis advance and, in severe cases, the frontalis sling. The objective is to review the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms of SH in order to achieve a systematic approach due to the multiple aetiologies it possesses.
Keywords : Eyelid ptosis; anisocoria; anhidrosis; brain stem; autonomic nerv.