Resumen

CARVAJAL CARVAJAL, Carlos. Los triglicéridos y la aterogénesis. Med. leg. Costa Rica [online]. 2017, vol.34, n.2, pp.82-89. ISSN 2215-5287.

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) comprise chylomicrons, VLDL and their remnants. TRL are highly heterogeneous, differing in size, density, composition, and associated cardiovascular risk. Accumulating evidence demonstrates a strong correlation between the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and both non-fasting (postprandial) and fasting plasma TAG level. Two mechanisms by which TRL might increase atherosclerosis are proposed: TRL remnants and VLDL are able to penetrate the arterial intima, can be internalized by macrophages and convert these cells into foam cells. Second: during lipolysis of TRL a number of inflammatory lipids are released that alter endothelial biology. TAG are not directly atherogenic but represent an important biomarker of CVD because of their association with a high concentration of small dense LDL particles, reduced HDL cholesterol levels, and with apo C-III, a proinflammatory and proatherogenic protein.

Palabras clave : Triglycerides; atherosclerosis; triglyceride-rich lipoprotein; dyslipidemia; apo C-III.

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