Backround:

The chyloperitoneum is a rare condition that is usually associated with another pathology. Its diagnosis is difficult and is addressed primarily as an acute abdomen. Once the diagnosis is made, further Studies are necessary to rule out the existence of cancer.

Methods:

A case report from the Guápiles Hospital with literature review.

Results:

We succesfully report the case of a 20 year old male that was admitted for an acute abdomen. During his stay in the hospital the diagnosis of a primary chyloperitoneum was made by ruling out any obstructive process of his linfatic drainage system and cancer. The patient heals satisfactorily without complications.

Conclusions:

In conclusión, this case demonstrates the efficancy of an exploratory laparotomy in an acute abdomen in which a preoperotry diagnosis cannot be made. A diet low in middle chain fatty acids in conjunction with the aspiration and drainage of the liquid make enough therapy for this kind of pathology.