Resumen

O'CONNOR-MENDOZA, Johana; PARAMO-AGUILERA, Leandro; MARTINEZ-LAGUNA, Griselda  y  GUILLEN-RODRIGUEZ, Laura. Characterización of artisanally bioinoculant produced in Nicaragua. Tecnología en Marcha [online]. 2021, vol.34, n.2, pp.109-121. ISSN 0379-3982.  http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/tm.v34i2.4961.

To develop the microbiological and molecular characterization, cultivable microorganisms from four commercial biofertilizers from western and northern Nicaragua were isolated and identified. This involved morphological identification through: Gram staining for bacteria and observation of spores for filamentous fungi. In order to obtain the phylogenetic trees, DNA extraction and sequencing was performed (16s rDNA gene for bacteria and ITS1 region for fungi). The molecular identification of 28 out of 30 isolated microorganisms was achieved (23 bacteria: 12 species, 11 genus, 5 filamentous; fungi: 4 species and 1 genus). Found in the northern zone inoculant: TS sample: 5 bacteria (Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus thuringiensis, 2 Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas sp.) and 3 filamentous fungi (Monascus pupureus, Neosartorya glabra and Aspergillus flavus- reported as pathogen for crops). LS sample: 6 bacteria (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp., 2 Stenotrophomonas sp., and Paenibacillus sp.). LL sample: 3 bacteria (Bacillus Megaterium, Staphylococcus succinus and Bacillus sp.) and 2 filamentous fungi (Byssochlamys nivea - reported as contaminants in processed fruit and another that was not sequenced). Western zone, DCL sample: 9 bacteria (2 Lysinibacillus macroides, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus cereus - pathogenic for humans, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, 2 Bacillus sp. and 1 Stenotrophomonas sp.) and 1 yeast fungus, that was not sequenced. The above shows great microbial diversity and the presence of pathogens in biofertilizer that are harmful to the plant and the human beings.

Palabras clave : Microbiological characterization; molecular characterization; staining; biocontrol; biofertilizer.

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