Resumen

VILLOTA-BURBANO, Juan Esteban  y  VAZQUEZ-OCHOA, Olga Yaneth. In vitro evaluation of ethanol extract from borraja leaves (Borago officinalis) against fungistatic activity. Agron. Costarricense [online]. 2021, vol.45, n.2, pp.9-27. ISSN 0377-9424.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rac.v45i2.47764.

Introduction.Fusariumsp andAlternariasp are phytopathogenic fungi that cause serious problems in crops and in the agricultural sector, situation that generates significant economic losses. In addition, due to the production of mycotoxins, they pose a threat to the health of consumers and plants. Objective. To evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of borraja leaves (Borago officinalis) onFusariumsp andAlternariasp. Materials and methods. Qualitative and quantitative identification of the secondary metabolites present in the ethanolic extract ofB. officinaliswas carried out, later,Fusariumsp andAlternariasp were sequenced by molecular studies by amplifying the ITS (internal transcribable spacer) region of ribosomal DNA and finally, antifungal activity of the extract on previously recognized strains was evaluated by means of radial growth test using agar diffusion technique. Results. Ethanolic extract ofB. officinalisleaves contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, polyphenols and saponins, of which polyphenols and flavonoids have a concentration of 19.08±0.01 milligrams equivalent of gallic acid (EAG) per gram of extract and 28.12±0.06 milligrams equivalent of catechin (Qe) per gram of extract, respectively. Molecular sequencing of the evaluated isolates showed a high similarity (> 98%) with several species ofFusariumsp andAlternaria sp, while antifungal activity tests of the extract showed fungistatic activity byB. officinalis, with 16 mg.l-1being the most effective treatment for both isolates evaluated with an inhibition percentage of 90.3±0.9% forAlternariasp and 86.6±2.2% forFusariumsp, whereAlternariasp presented greater susceptibility to the extract ofB. officinalisleaves. Conclusion. The results of this investigation provide one of the first reports of the antifungal activity ofBorago officinalisonFusariumsp andAlternariasp.

Palabras clave : Alternaria sp; ITS; secondary metabolites; weed.

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