Resumen

BRENES ANGULO, Arturo; CASTILLO MATAMOROS, Rolbin  y  GOMEZ-ALPIZAR, Luis. Micropropagation of four blueberry cultivars. Agron. Costarricense [online]. 2015, vol.39, n.1, pp.7-23. ISSN 0377-9424.

Sharpblue, Woodard, Bonita and Delite cultivars were propagated from leaf explants. Leaf sections from in vitro singlenode explants were compared with those from plants in the field. The explants were placed in WPM medium supplemented with 1.5 mg.l^-1 TDZ to promote sprouting, then subcultured to fresh WPM medium supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 mg.l^-1 zeatin to enhance adventitious shoot growth. Shoot clump length and number of shoots >2mm and >1cm in each clump were determined. Shoots 8 to 10 cm were harvested at 8 weeks and subcultured in WPM medium supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 mg.l^-1 IBA for rooting. After 10 weeks, shoots were transplanted to greenhouse for acclimatization. The leaf segments cultured in WPM medium with TDZ formed adventitious shoot clumps in all varieties, regardless of leaf source. A significant effect of cultivar, source of explant and interaction cultivar x leaf source was found for shoots >2 mm. Clump size varied significantly among cultivars, leaf source, and interaction cultivars x source x zeatin concentration, when transfering to a medium with 2 concentrations of the growth regulator, but no differences due to cytokinin concentration were found. Number of shoots >2mm and length of the longest shoot varied significantly with cultivar and the interaction cultivar x source of explant in WPM + zeatin medium. Woodard explants from in vitro leaf sections produced the highest number of shoots (44.70±13.34) and Delite the lowest (21.50±4.99). Shoots subcultured in WPM with different IBA concentrations had less than 10% rooting in all treatments. However, when transplanted to greenhouse 100% rooting was obtained, regardless of in vitro treatment with IBA or leaf explant source. All the microshoots of the 4 cultivars were successfully greenhouse acclimatized and plantlets later established in the field.

Palabras clave : Tissue culture; plant growth regulators; TDZ; zeatine; IBA; acclimatization.

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