Abstract

PERAZA PADILLA, Walter; OROZCO ACEVES, Martha  and  ESQUIVEL HERNANDEZ, Alejandro. In vitro evaluation of nematophagous fungi of Costa Rica rice-growing regions against the root-knot Meloidogyne javanica. Agron. Costarricense [online]. 2014, vol.38, n.2, pp.19-32. ISSN 0377-9424.

Parasitism in vitro of 14 isolates of nematophagous fungi (6 Trichoderma sp., 4 Paecilomyces sp., 2 Fusarium oxysporum and 2 Monacrosporium sp.) was evaluated againts juveniles and eggs of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. The fungi, from three rice-producing regions of Costa Rica (Central Pacific, Atlantic Huetar and Chorotega), were isolated by the sprinkling technique, during April 2008 to August 2009. A completely randomized design with 10 replicates in water agar (WA) per fungus was used. A suspension of 1 to 1.5x10⁶ conidia (cfu.ml^-1) per Petri dish was inoculated, and during the fourth day was added a suspension of 0.5 ml with 150 juvenile and 100 eggs of M. javanica previously disinfected, at room temperature (23-26°C) and with natural light. After 96 hours, it was counted in every dish the number of living, dead and parasitized nematodes, plus eggs parasitized or not parasitized. Subsequently, a logistic regression analysis (RL) for the evaluated variables was performed, which showed significant differences (p<0.0001) in the performance of the evaluated isolates, presenting ranges from 10% to 56% in dead nematodes, 13% to 79% in parasitic nemato-des and 1% to 96% in parasitized eggs. In general, isolates of Trichoderma sp. (Tri1, Tri2, Tri3 and Tri4) were the most efficient in the parasitism over juveniles and eggs of M. javanica.

Keywords : In vitro test; nematophagous fungi; predatory capacity; Meloidogyne sp.

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