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Revista Costarricense de Ciencias Médicas

versão impressa ISSN 0253-2948

Resumo

TORRES- ROSALES, Lorena  e  GARCIA-SOLANO, Zaida. Costa Rica advances in blood security, 1995-2005. Rev. costarric. cienc. méd [online]. 2006, vol.27, n.3-4, pp.75-86. ISSN 0253-2948.

Blood transfusions are a fundamental component of sanitary attention, and the necessity of an equitable access to safe blood is universal. In several resolutions the World Health Organization (WHO) has urged to the member countries to reinforce the programs of blood security. Having no remunerated voluntary donors is a strategic measurement fundamental to guarantee the security, quality, availability and accessibility of blood transfusions. Other important elements are the tests of guaranteed quality to all donated blood, the proper use of blood to reduce the unnecessary transfusions and the irrigations that entail minimum as well as the safe clinical procedures of transfusion. The social security of Costa Rica has worked in diverse areas to fortify blood security in the country and the program of safe blood. The first voluntary donors register was until year 1998 (22,896, corresponding to 40% of total donors). Most donations came from replacement donors; being it the tendency until year 2003; when the type of collected donations was inverted, 51% of voluntary donation and 49% of replacement, until obtaining 59% in 2005. The coverage of screening for VIH, VHB, VHC was 100%, but not for the Disease of Chagas and HTLVI/II that reached 100% until year 2002, and for Core of Hepatitis B, it happened until year 2005. One inquire that the number of transfusions has been reduced in relation to the average from year 2001, and since a greater division of units is made until reaching 92% in year 2005. Regarding screening tests and the participation in the external control of quality, it is observed a correlation of 100% for the VHI results, 99% of correlation for the VHC with a false positive in year 2002, and false negative in year 2006 for HBsAg.

Palavras-chave : Blood security; blood donation; blood banks.

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