Abstract

JIMENEZ-MONTERO, José G.; ROSELLO-ARAYA, Marlene; FIGUEROA-SANCHEZ, Gina  and  MORA-MORALES, Eric. Intervención nutricional y farmacológica en pacientes dislipidémicos. Rev. costarric. cienc. méd [online]. 1997, vol.18, n.4, pp.29-39. ISSN 0253-2948.

Thirty eight patients (15 males and 23 females) aged 50,0 ± 1.5 years old, were studied during a six month period. Eighteen had hypercholesterolemia and 10 mixed dyslipidemia. Six hypercholesterolemic, and 6 with mixed dyslipidemic patients had coronary artery disease. With a dietary intervention for three months, patients with hypercholesterolemia reduced total cholesterol (344,0 ± 14,0 309.0 ± mg/dl) and lowdensity lipoprotein concentrations cholesterol by 18 per cent. In patients with mixed dyslipidemias total cholesterol was reduced from 263,2 ± 13,0 to 249,0 ± 12,0 mg/dl, (-5%) but LDL cholesterol did not change. Triglyceride levels changed from 379,0 ± 45,0 to 359,6 ± 27,0 mg/dl. Despite dietary intervention, dyslipidemia persisted. Therefore, in patients with predominant hypercholesterolemia, lovastatinewas prescribed, whereas gemfibrozil for those with mixed dyslipidemias. In patients who received lovastatine, total cholesterol decreased from 309,0 ± 16,7 to 257,0 ± 16,0 mg/dl and LDL cholesterol by 28 percent (p < 0.001). HDL cholesterol increased from 47,0 ± 2,6 to 55,0 ± 3,4 mg/dl (p < 0.05). Patients on gemfibrozil reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride levels (244,0 ± 17,0 to 223,0 ± 17,0 mg/dl; and 391,0 ± 73,0 to 273,0 ± 26,0 mg/dl, p < 0.06, respectively) and HDL cholesterol changed from 39,5 ± 4.1 to 37,5 ± 5,5 mg/dl. The cholesterol HDL ratio was 6.56 and 6.11 after dietary intervention in hypercholesterolemic patients and in those with mixed dyslipidemias and decreased to 4.67 and to 5.36 in patients who received lovastatine and gemfibrozil, respectively. These results showed the of effect interventions on lipid profiles in dyslipidemic patients aimed to reduce cardiovascular risk an achieving the goals in the lipid profile.