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Revista de Biología Tropical
On-line version ISSN 0034-7744Print version ISSN 0034-7744
Abstract
VERA, Angélica-María; MANTILLA, Julio-César and ESCOBAR, Patricia. Anti-leishmanial activity of 29 daily sessions of intralesional-pentavalent antimony administration on Leishmania (Viannia)-infected BALB/c mice. Rev. biol. trop [online]. 2021, vol.69, n.4, pp.1179-1188. ISSN 0034-7744. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69i4.47368.
Introduction:
Intralesional-pentavalent antimonials (IL-SbV) are recommended for simple cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Few treatment sessions (1-5) and drug volumes (1-5 ml each), relative to lesion size (LS), are recommended. There is not a validated IL-SbV protocol using doses calculated as mg/kg body weight and administered over a large number of IL-sessions, with small injection volumes.
Objective:
The study aim was to determine the efficacy of different concentrations of IL-SbV administered in 29 daily sessions of 100 μL each, on CL infected mice.
Methods:
Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and L. (V.) braziliensis-infected mice (N = 6) were treated with 150, 50, and 16.6 mgSbV/kg/day x 29 days. Percentage of lesion area reduction, aesthetic and final (no lesions, no parasites) efficacy and effective dose (ED)50 were determined. In vitro-SbV activity against parasites was evaluated for both species.
Results:
The ED50 values were 72.2 and 66.3 (at the end of treatment), 54.3 and 37.7 (15-days pt.), and 145.3 and 148.6 (60-days pt.) for each species, respectively. Differences were observed between Leishmania species at 15-days pt., but not later. At 60-day pt., IL-SbV-150 mg showed final cure rates of 66.6 % for L. (V.) panamensis and 33.3 % for L. (V.) braziliensis-infected mice. After 15 days pt., lesion reactivation was observed in some “aesthetically cured” mice. Glucantime was not active in in vitro assays.
Conclusions:
The IL-SbV use with a dose calculated as mg/kg body weight and administered over a large number of IL-sessions, with small injection volumes each day could be effective against L. (V.) panamensis and L. (V.) braziliensis-CL infection. An appropriate SbV-dose (higher than 150 mg/kg/day x less than 29 days) must be evaluated.
Keywords : Glucantime; New World cutaneous leishmaniasis; intralesional drugs; Leishmania panamensis; Leishmania braziliensis.