Abstract

ALVARADO, Juan José et al. Identificación de las prioridades de conservación de la biodiversidad marina y costera en Costa Rica. Rev. biol. trop [online]. 2011, vol.59, n.2, pp.829-842. ISSN 0034-7744.

Identification of Marine and Coastal biodiversity conservation priorities in Costa Rica. Costa Rica is recognized as one of the most diverse countries in species and ecosystems, in their terrestrial realm as well as in the marine. Besides this relevance, the country presents a delay on conservation and management of marine and coastal biodiversity, with respect to terrestrial. For 2006, the marine protected surface was 5 208.8km², with 331.5km of coastline, in 20 protected areas. The country has made progress on the conservation priority sites identification for terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity, with few efforts on marine planning. This research presents the analysis and results of the gap identification process, formarine and coastal biodiversity conservation in the protected areas system of Costa Rica. The analysis was built with the spatial information available on the presence and distribution of coastal and marine biodiversity, the establishment of the conservation goals and a threat analysis over the ecological integrity of this biodiversity. The selection of high-priority sites was carried out using spatial optimization techniques and the superposition over the current shape of marine protected areas, in order to identify representation gaps. A total of 19 076km² of conservation gaps were indentified, with 1 323km² in the Caribbean and 17 753km² in the Pacific. Recommendations are aimed at planning and strengthening the marine protected areas system, using the gaps identified as a framework. It is expected that the results of this study would be the scientific base needed for planning and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in the country. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (2): 829-842. Epub 2011 June 01.

Keywords : conservation priority sites; conservation gaps; marine protected areas; marine conservation; conservation objects.

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